In early July 1941, the entire male population of Minsk, including Jews, was interned at a civilian camp in the town of Drozdy, north of the city (today, it lies within the limits of the city, in its northern section). The camp was situated on the grounds of the former Nadezhda Krupskaya collective farm. After about two weeks, the camp authorities separated the Jews from the non-Jews. Members of Einsatzgruppe B, together with officers of the secret military police, combed through the camp in search of Jews, Communists, and Soviet government officials. Afterward, about 1,000 Jews were driven by truck to a nearby water supply ditch, where they were shot. Between July 14-16, 1941, several hundred members of the Jewish intelligentsia were removed from the camp and shot at the same location. These massacres were carried out by members of Sonderkommando 7a and 7b, and Einsatzkommando 8 (all belonging to Einsatzgruppe B); officers of the secret field police, and a squad from the Warsaw security police station.
According to some testimonies, some inmates of the Minsk Ghetto were taken by truck to be shot at the town of Drozdy during a mass-killing operation on March 2, 1942.
Related Resources
Written Testimonies
German Reports / Romanian Reports
Soviet Reports
ChGK Soviet Reports
From "In the Minsk Ghetto. From the Notes of the Partisan Mikhail Grichanik":
…When the German occupiers entered Minsk, they published a decree calling for the mandatory registration of all men aged eighteen to fifty. As it turned out, no registration was carried out; all those who reported to the place indicated for "registration" were marched out of town in formation by the Germans to an open field.…
The thirteenth day. Ten o'clock in the morning. A car drives up. There is an announcement that all Poles should go to the left, all Russians to the right…an area beside the stream will be set aside for the Jews. It is cordoned off with thick ropes. The crowd begins to divide itself as ordered. Criminals seize the moment: from one Jew they steal food, from another a raincoat, from another a jacket or shoes. Things reach the point where people are standing in nothing but their underwear. The Germans stand off to one side and laugh.
Germans stand around the field with rubber truncheons. Some of them drive the Jews toward the ropes and beat them with clubs. Criminals help the Germans to persecute the Jews. Anyone who resists is beaten to death or shot.…
The seventeenth day in the morning. Toward ten o'clock, a car with a translator arrives. There is an announcement that all Jews who are engineers, doctors, technicians, bookkeepers, teachers, or have other intellectual professions must register themselves. They are releasing them from the camp and sending them to work. The registration begins. They sign up all the members of the intelligentsia, form them up and lead them away from the workers. It gets dark. Beside the Jews and the POWs, there is no one else in the field.
The nineteenth day, before dawn. It is still dark. The roar of vehicles can be heard. Trucks drive up to the intelligentsia, load them, and take them off "to work". About twenty minutes go by after the departure of the trucks, then a burst of machine gun fire is heard. Fifteen minutes later, the trucks return and again take people away. In this way, they take away all the intelligentsia, leaving only the workers. An officer appeared, selected two hundred or so working men, and took them off on foot "to work"….
Rubenstein, Joshua and Altman, Ilya. The unknown black book : the Holocaust in the German-occupied Soviet territories . Bloomington, Ind. : Indiana University Press, 2010, pp. 234-236.
From the Letter of Testimony of Abram Relkin (born 1914)
...In July 1941, on the orders of the German command, I was incarcerated in the concentration camp of Drozdy. The camp was divided into several sections: for military men, for Jews, and for members of other ethnicities. On July 15, the lists of specialists were compiled, [and] the Germans murdered these people….
YVA O.33 / 2802
From the Letter of Testimony of Aron Fiterson (born 1897):
…The German authorities issued an order for all men aged 16 to 60 to come forth to be registered. They were all ordered to come to Gospitalnaya Street. This was shortly after the occupation of Minsk.
The Belarusians were released, while the Jews were taken to Drozdy. Here, tens of thousands of people were assembled. The place was cordoned off with ropes. There was a river nearby. Everybody was kneeling. Those who tried to stand up were shot. Jewish doctors, teachers etc. were registered. All those registered were taken aside and shot…