On September 21, 1942, which was Yom Kippur (in August, according to other sources), early in the morning German gendarmes and Ukrainian policemen from the town of Antoniny arrived in Kulchiny. All the Jews were driven out of the ghetto to the market square. They were told that they were being taken for work. Those unable to walk were loaded onto carts; the rest were formed into a column and all of them were taken to a forest near the village of Manevtsy, about 10 kilometers from Kulchiny. Those who tried to escape were shot on the spot. Some mothers tried in vain to save their children. At the murder site the Jews were locked into cowsheds and stables overnight. The next day the Jews were taken to a large pit (which some of the Jews had been forced to dig) and ordered to undress and enter the pit. Then they were shot. In about a month (or several days later, according to another source) the Jewish artisans who had been spared during the initial massacre were also taken to Manevtsy Forest and shot there. Estimates of the number of murder victims range from 150 to several hundred.
Related Resources
Soviet Reports
From the testimony of Lukeriya Yankovich that was submitted to investigators of the activities of Nikita Popchuk, a former policeman from Antoniny, December 19, 1978:
... In the summer of 1942 the Germans, with the aid of local policemen, shot all the Soviet civilians of Jewish nationality who during the period of the German occupation lived in Kulchiny village (near the village of Manivtsy) in Krasilov County, Khmelnitsky District. I was not an eyewitness of this shooting, but all the inhabitants of our village and of the surrounding villages, including myself, know about this shooting....
YVA TR.18 / 60
From the testimony of Mikhail Moskalyuk that was submitted to investigators of the activities of Nikita Popchuk, a former policeman from Antoniny. January 15, 1979:
... On one occasion the head of the agricultural cooperative, Kh. P. Savchuk, who is no longer alive, ordered me and other cart-drivers to take the [Jewish] children and old people to Manivtsy village in our carts. This was in August 1942. We arrived with our carts in the center of Kulchiny village. Armed Germans and policemen, who had come from the county center Antoniny, ordered all the Soviet civilians of Jewish nationality to leave their houses, to take with them any belongings they might need, and to assemble at the marker square. There all Jewish families were gathered. Seven Jewish children aged approximately 3 to 7 and a woman with the last name of Vaisman, along with her baby, were put into my cart.
All those civilians of Jewish nationality whose state of health allowed them to walk were formed by the Germans and the policemen into a column and taken on foot in the direction of Manivtsy village. The children and old people were taken there in carts. Among the armed policemen who took the Jews from Kulchiny village to Manivtsy village was Popchuk (I think with a pistol); I saw him with my own eyes.
Before the war a military unit stationed near Manivtsy village had a kitchen garden there. During the occupation there were still buildings for cattle, i.e.,cowsheds and stables. The Germans and the policemen put all the Soviet civilians of Jewish nationality from Kulchiny and other localities into those structures.
The next day, or several days later, the Germans carried out the shooting of the Jews near the village of Manivtsy....
YVA TR.18 / 60
From the testimony of Vladimir Panasyuk that was submitted to investigators of the activities of Nikita Popchuk, a former policeman from Antoniny, January 18, 1979:
... In the summer of 1942 Germans and policemen from the town of Antoniny arrived in our village. I and other cart-drivers were forced to come with our carts to the village center, to the Jewish ghetto. On that day the Germans and policemen had driven all the Jews out of the ghetto to the square. Those able to walk on their own were lined up. The old, infirm, and little children were put into carts. I had children and old people in my cart. The Germans and policemen led the column and the wagons from Kulchiny village and took all the Jews outside of the village of Manivtsy.... There was a labor camp near Manivtsy village. The Soviet civilians of Jewish nationality who had been taken to that camp from Kulchiny village were put into cattle sheds. We cart-drivers were sent back to Kulchiny while the policemen, including Popchuk, remained there. All the Soviet civilians of Jewish nationality who had been taken from Kulchiny village and from other places were shot the next day by Germans near Manivtsy village....
YVA TR.18 / 60
Manevtsy Area
forest
Murder Site
Ukraine (USSR)
49.766;26.983
Photos
Manevsty Forest
Mr. Herb Bixhorn, Manassas, Virginia, USA, Copy YVA 14616396