Prior to the Russian Revolution, the village of Giaginskaya had lain outside the Pale of Settlement, and thus no Jews lived there before World War II.
However, following the German invasion of the USSR on June 22, 1941, the Giaginskaya County turned into an area of civilian evacuation. Approximately 124 Jewish evacuees arrived in the village.
German troops occupied Giaginskaya on August 10, 1942. In December that year, the Germans and the local policemen killed ninety-seven Jews.
The Red Army liberated Giaginskaya on January 30, 1943.