Miłosz Czesław ; Brother: Andrzej

Miłosz, Czesław Miłosz, Andrzej Czesław Miłosz, the well-known Polish poet and author of the famous poem Campo dei Fiori about the revolt in the Warsaw ghetto, and later a Nobel Prize laureate for literature, was known even before the war for his liberal views. During the occupation, Miłosz lived in Warsaw, where he was active in the ranks of the underground socialist organization, Wolnosc [Freedom]. As part of his activities in the organization and outside it, he extended his help to Jews hiding on the Aryan side of the city. At the same time, his brother Andrzej Miłosz, who lived in Vilna, was also active in organizing the Polish underground. In 1943, Andrzej smuggled out Seweryn Tross and his wife to Warsaw, hidden in a truck. When they arrived in Warsaw, Czesław received Mr. and Mrs. Tross, found a place for them to hide and supported them financially. Czesław also helped Felicia Wołkominska, her sister and her sister-in-law, Jewish fugitives who had fled from Warsaw on the eve of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The Tross couple was killed in the Warsaw Uprising in the summer of 1944, but Wolkominska survived, and in 1957 immigrated to Israel. On July 25, 1989, Yad Vashem recognized Czesław Miłosz and his brother Andrzej Miłosz as Righteous Among the Nations.