Mianowska Aleksandra

File 1892 (Siwadłowska)-Mianowska, Aleksandra Dr. Mianowska Aleksandra, during the occupation times was active in several underground Polish organizations, such as: the Polish Red Cross (pl. PCK- Polski Czerwony Krzyż), AK (pl. AK- Armia Krajowa; en. Home Army), Council for Aid to Jews- Żegota (pl. RPZ- Rada Pomocy Żydom- Żegota), Central Welfare Council also known as- Main Social Services Council (pl. RGO- Rada Główna Opiekuńcza) and at the Alliance of Democrats (pl. SD- Stronnictwo Demokratyczne). [A Jagellonian University student (she studied four different direction, by achieving the following diplomas: the Pedagogical studies (1934), School of Political Sciences (1936), The Department of philosophy (Polish philology and classical- 1937) and The Department of Law and Administration (1938))]. During the war times, Mianowska provided help to the persecuted Jewish population. Her first step (beyond to the help that was extended by her to Jews, through her conspiracy at the underground movements), she helped a Jewish student and his father, both refugees from Austria, who escaped it at 1938 (after the “Anschluss”). The student’s name was- Garde Hugo (as for his father’s one, there is no information on it), he enrolled to the Faculty of Medicine at the Jagellonian University; and started his studies. Meanwhile, he attended to Maniakiwska’s private lessons in History and Polish literature (he was accepted to the University; but he was obligated to undertake matriculation exams in both History and Polish literature; as he completed his original matriculation exams in Vienna); as her brother- Siwadłowski Witold was also at that time, a medical student and his friend. In 1941, Garde Hugo, with his father turned to Mianowska for help. They have decided that the best way in order to save theirs lives was, to join voluntary to the building-services “Baudiensten,” in a guise of Polish men (pretending to be two brothers; due to the reason that Hugo’sfather looked much younger than he appeared to be). With the help from the Alliance of Democrats organization (pl. SD), which provided them an identity documents (known as- “Kennkarte’s”) on the names: (Hugo received the identity of-) Grabowski Bronisław (Bronek), as well his father’s family name was Grabowski. They were living at Krakov (pl. Kraków) and working at building-services. Hugo was constantly visiting Mrs. Maniakowska’s house and mother at 5 Orzeszkowa Street (apartment number 21). Afterwards, (in 1942) they were frequently sent (Hugo and his father) with the- “Baudiensten” to the eastern area of the occupied Polish territories (as for their own security, it was even better), whereas, Hugo was killed (he stood in protect of some Polish or Ukrainian peasant, whose last cow was confiscated by the Nazis; thus, in protecting her, he was immediately shoot. He died as a Pole, on the name of Grabowski Bronisław), while his father (guised to his brother at that time) managed to survive the occupation, and returned to Krakov (pl. Kraków). Four other Jews, who were saved by Mianowska were: the “Kwiatkowski” (their real family name was Feldman) family members (mother and two young girls- Mrs. Feldman Rozalia (née: Zwanziger), Ewa and Janka) and Seifert-Manor Ela (Felicja). The “Kwiatkowski” family (their real family name was Feldman) was saved by Mianowska and her underground friends: Kamiński Stefan, associate professor- Mr. Oszastan Zbigniew, Marszałek Edward (“Felek”), RGO director- Seyfried Edmund and Kossak-Szczucka Zofia. The mother Feldman Rozalia (née: Zwanziger), (“Kwiatkowska”) was a pharmacist by a profession and owner of pharmacy, from the city of Dębica. She managed to escape with her two daughters from Kraków ghetto thanks to kind “inattention” of the Blue policeman (also known as the Navy-Blue Police). Thanks to SD organization (en. Alliance of Democrats) cell, which acquired for the fugitives “Kennkarte”; and found for the three ashelter. They have traveled by a hansom-cab to the Congregation of Albertine Sisters at Krakowska Street; where Mrs. Krakowska stayed for night. The older girl (named Ewa) had a typical Semite appearance and in addition, she had a third-degree frostbite on her feet. Kamiński Stefan asked the help of a known dermatologist- Mr. Oszastan Zbigniew, who obtain the permission to locate the girl in dermatology clinic. Kamiński located the girl by himself and hand his name and address at the clinic (unfortunately, some of her foot-fingers were amputated). Moreover, there was a need to transfer both the mother and the second daughter- Janka (who had an “Aryan appearance”) to Warsaw. The whole operation was organized by RGO organization. While, Mianowska during the whole operation, was accompanying the girl (Janka) sitting with her in the same train wagon. Mrs. Feldman (“Kwiatkowska”), was sitting in a separate wagon, accompanied by Mr. Kamiński Stefan (originally there supposed to be other member of the Alliance of Democrats organization, a railway man; but he didn’t appeared on time at Czapskich Street; where Mrs. Porębska was hiding Jews; therefore, Mr. Kamiński decided to accompany Mrs. Feldman (“Kwiatkowska”) during her journey to Warsaw). Before their travel, a telegram was sent to Kossak-Szczucka Zofia (at Warsaw); that: “this and this day, it they are delivering, with that and that train, searched by her book” [Mianowska Aleksandra 1990, 157]. While Kossak-Szczucka Zofia recieved them and found for them a hiding place. Afterwards, Ewa (the young girl) was operated; Mianowska took her to Warsaw (the whole operation was again arranged by RGO Director- Seyfried Edmund; who arranged for Ewa a certificate, which directed her to specialist clinic in Warsaw for allegedly preformed test for sick child. Due to her Semite appearance, Mianowska bandage the child’s head; and accompanied her during theirs travel in the train), where Kossak-Szczucka Zofia received thechild. Unfortunately, the mother of the girls didn’t survive, although she was treated well, when she was ill. Janka was taken to a respectable family in Płock; while, Ewa was taken by Kossak-Szczucka’s friends, a couple named Sadowki and Sadowska from the village of Biała Góra nad Pilicą. Another girl’s life, which was saved by Mianowska, was Seifert-Manor Ela (Felicja). Her parents were killed in the Kraków ghetto (her father was a lawyer in Bielsko-Biała), and she was hiding at Mrs. Wojnarowiczowa’s estate (located in the village of Wawrzeńczyce); until they were forced to escape from the Gestapo. A member of the RGO organization- Czochron Elżbieta; announced Mianowska that the two arrived to her mother-in-low house (Mrs. Myszczykowska). Immediately, Mianowska took the girl to priest- Machaya Ferdynard; who found for her a forged baptism and birth certificates (and on that they could prepared and identity document) on the name of Smoleń Elżbieta. Afterwards, the girl lived together with Mianowska, till she was baptized at Wiluszówna’s Maria acquaintance apartment. This event was organized by Mianowska and Kamiński Stefan (an owner of a bookshop); whereas they have managed to baptize Elżunia (Elżbieta) with the help from a priest. Althought, the owner of that apartment arrived to earlier, that they thought she would; they managed to finish the ceremony and to say her that they are leaving. The owner never informed on them, and even on the person who delivered them the key- Wiluszówna’s Maria. Afterwards, the RGO organization together with Mianowska arranged for Seifert-Manor Ela (Felicja) [then, Smoleń Elżbieta] allocation at sisters house at Kostowiec. This operation was arranged, in the guise of the existing at that time operation named: “dziecko wyłońskie”; children whose parents were killed by Ukrainian were delivered to convents. Just like that in the village of Kostowiec. Elżunia, stayed at Kostowiec even after the war ended; till, her cousinKornfeld Lola took her to Bielsko-Biała; where she was taken to her relatives in Czechoslovakia (in the city of- Prostĕjov), and in 1949 she immigrated to Israel. On the 17th of November 1980, Yad Vashem recognized Mianowska Aleksandra, as a Righteous Among the Nations. (1). This information was taken from: ”Janina Pietrasiak, (born in 1934), I Am One of the Lucky Ones” in The Last Eyewitness Volume 2: The Children of the Holocaust Speak, pp. 197, 200. (2). Aleksandra, Mianowska. 1990. "Żołnierze Żydzi w Szpitalach Jenieckich w Krakowie,” in Przegląd Lekarski, 47, (1): 157.