Humnicki Stefan & Humnicka Sophie (Lubomirska)

Humnicki, Stefan Humnicka, Sophie Doliński, Czesław Count Stefan Humnicki and his wife, Sophie, owned an estate in the village of Ruskow, in the county of Sidlice, in the Warsaw district, where they employed about twenty Jewish men and women, under a special permit granted by the Germans. Most of the Jews who worked on the farm came from neighboring towns which had been liquidated the previous summer. In December 1942, when German policemen began rounding up Jews prior to their deportation to the death camps, Aron Perelman hid in an oven, and later escaped to the forest. Another Jew working on the estate was the agronomist, Yehuda Wassercug, who had jumped off the train taking him to Treblinka. Perelman and Wassercug found hiding places for themselves near the Humnickis’ farm, moving on when things became too dangerous. Occasionally, they stayed on the farm, where they met other Jews who were hiding in the surrounding forests. The Humnickis, who continued looking after Perelman and Wassercug until the liberation, were guided by sincere, humanitarian considerations, and never expected anything in return. An active partner in the rescue operations was Czesław Doliński, their faithful butler, who was the only one who knew where the Jewish refugees were hiding. Although Doliński was simply obeying orders, he nevertheless placed himself under an enormous risk. During her frequent trips to Warsaw, Countess Humnicki provided Sara Frydman, a Jewish girl hiding on the Aryan side of the city, with food and clothes. On June 29, 1978, Yad Vashem recognized Sophie and Stefan Humnicki as Righteous Among the Nations. On March 28, 1979, Yad Vashem recognized Czesław Doliński as Righteous Among the Nations.