Straubing, Germany

Jews traded in the town in the 13th century, and inhabited a Jewish quarter in the early 14th. The Jews were all murdered in September 1338 in the wake of the massacre of the Jews in nearby Deggendorf and the renewed community was again destroyed in the Black Death persecutions of 1348-49. In 1442, a third community was expelled within the framework of the general expulsion from Munich. The modern community was founded in the late 19th century and numbered 141 in 1910 (total 22,021). In the Nazi era the Jews suffered from a strict economic boycott. The synagogue was vandalized during “Kristallnacht” (9-10 November 1938) and Jewish property was "Aryanized" on 24 November 1938. In the 1933-42 period, ten Jews left Germany and another 19 took up residence in other German cities. Of the remaining 30, most were expelled to Piaski in the Lublin district (Poland) and to the Theresienstadt ghetto on 2 April and 23 September 1942. The community established after the war by concentration camp survivors numbered 119 in 1970.