Rosenberg Oberschlesien, Germany

ROSENBERG (Polish Olesno) Upper Silesia, Germany, today Poland. The Jewish population was 112 in 1787, 213 in 1832, and 244 in 1880. The community maintained a synagogue and cemetery. In 1925, the Jewish population was 180. In 1932, Nazis threw a handgrenade into a Jewish-owned hotel, causing much property damage. In 1933, the Jewish population was 112. The Nazi racial laws were not applied until July 1937 owing to the extension of the League of Nations' minority rights convention to the area. In this period, the Yom Tov pioneer training kibbutz was functioning with 30 members along with a Zionist group organized in 1934. The Jewish population dropped to 83 in 1936 and 58 in 1938. On Kristallnacht (9-10 November 1938), the synagogue was burned. Subsequently many Jews emigrated, leaving 34 in 1939. Their fate is unknown.