Yad Vashem Collections - Documents

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Testimony of Shnirer Tulo, born in 1927 in Krakow, Poland, regarding transfer to the Krakow ‎Ghetto in 1941 and deportation to labor camps

Testimony

Testimony of Shnirer Tulo, born in 1927 in Krakow, Poland, regarding transfer to the Krakow ‎Ghetto in 1941 and deportation to labor camps Childhood: traditional family, Jewish school, antisemitism before the war, death of his father in ‎‎1936; German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939; anti-Jewish decrees; wearing the yellow ‎badge; limitations on movement; confiscation of property, etc.; German officials taking over part ‎of the family’s apartment; transfer to the Krakow Ghetto in March 1941; the Judenrat and the ‎Jewish police; forced labor inside and outside the ghetto; Jewish underground; Nazi...

File Number : 13740

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Nancy Vera Rachel Arbel, born in Baktaloranthaza, Hungary, in 1826 regarding deportation to the Auschwitz Birkenau , Plaszow and Reichenbach camps

Testimony

Childhood before the war; coexistence; outbreak of the war; restrictions on Jews; German occupation in March 1944; deportation to ghetto; mutual help; robbery of property; fictitious marriage for the purpose of rescue; deportation to Auschwitz Birkenau; transfer to Plaszow; transfer to a protected camp; improvement in food and living conditions; transfer back to Auschwitz Birkenau; transfer to Germany for agricultural works and for working in a factory manufacturing planes; liberation by the Russians; rehabilitation of life after the war; aliya to Israel in 1949

File Number : 13703

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Moshe (Dezho) David, born in Gurghiu, Romania, 1927 regarding his experiences in Kaufering and additional camps

Testimony

Childhood; family background; the murder of his father by Romanians, 1934; attends a Romanian school and moves to learn in a workshop in Cluj; Annexation of the area to Hungary; German invasion, 1944; yellow badge; concentration of the Jews in a brick factory; deportation to Auschwitz camp; transfer to Kaufering camp; positive treatment by the German labor manager; labor in an underground factory for airplane production; transfer to Dachau; death march towards Bad-Toelz; liberation; Return to Gurghiu and Cluj; aliya training in Timisoara; illegal immigration to Eretz Israel and exile to Cyprus; digging...

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Judit (Kraus) Lahav, born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, 1930 regarding the move of her family to Komarom, deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau, additional camps and death march

Testimony

Childhood before the war; annexation of Slovakia by Nazi Germany, 1938; move of her family to Komarom, Hungary; Drafting of her father to labor battalions; increase in antisemitism; German invasion, 19 March 1944; anti-Jewish legislation; deportation for a short time to a citadel in the city that became a ghetto; deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau; selection and transfer to Plaszow; labor paving roads; return to Auschwitz for a short time and from there to Rochlitz for labor in a factory producing airplane parts; transfer to Calw to an airplane factory; death march to Buching; liberation, late April...

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Sara Shuster Tolchinski, born in Calarasi, Romania, 1925 regarding her escape to the Soviet Union

Testimony

Childhood before the war; coexistence; Outbreak of the war; arrival of Jewish refugees; mutual assistance; riots against the Jews, 1941; escape to the Soviet Union with the retreating Red Army; drafting of her father and brother to labor camps; move to Korosten; assistance from the Soviets; move to Kazakhstan; work; Rebuilding life; aliya to Eretz Israel, 1957.

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Miriam Shtein Fuks, born in Gurghiu, Romania, in 1924 regarding deportation to Auschwitz Birkenau and other camps

Family background in Gurghiu; family with religious lifestyle; attending a local school; moving to a government gymnasium in Reghin; Hungarian occupation; anti-Jewish laws in 1942; deportation of the men to labor camps; moving to Cluj; attending the Jewish gymnasium; German occupation; yellow badge; concentration of the Jews in the ghetto; deportation by wagons to Auschwitz Birkenau; negative attitude of the blockalteste; life in the Czech barrack number 26 in the Lager B1; moving by train to Zschopau; working in a factory producing motorbikes; improvement of the living conditions; transfer to...

File Number : 13736

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Liana Shoshana Fura Shvartz, born in Vienna, Austria, regarding her experiences in Austria and Czechoslovakia and her aliya to pre-state Israel

Testimony of Liana Shoshana Fura Shvartz, born in Vienna, Austria, regarding her experiences in Austria and Czechoslovakia and her aliya to pre-state Israel Childhood before the war; Anschluss in 1938; Kristallnacht in 1938; attacks; Aryanization of family factory; restrictions; certificate for father for a month; attempt to bring relatives from Hungary; family’s escape to the grandfather’s estate in Sala; receiving certificates as colonial subjects; aliya to pre-state Israel in 1940; absorption.

File Number : 13470

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Tzipora Frieda (Markovitz) Nemesh, born in Mukačevo, Czechoslovakia in 1919, regarding her experiences in Mukačevo Ghetto and Auschwitz-Birkenau and Zittau camps

Testimony of Tzipora Frieda (Markovitz) Nemesh, born in Mukačevo, Czechoslovakia in 1919, regarding her experiences in Mukačevo Ghetto and Auschwitz-Birkenau and Zittau camps Life before the war; receiving a Hebrew education; activity in Hashomer Hatza’ir youth movement; publication of blood libel; German occupation in March 1944; expulsion to ghetto; deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau; murder of part of the family in camp; transfer to Zittau about six months later; life in camp; labor in factory; liberation by Red Army; life after the war; aliya to Israel in 1956; absorption.

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Miriam Marila Liber Prague née Kostin, born in 1921 in Warsaw, about her experiences in the Warsaw ghetto, in Hungary, with the partisans in Yugoslavia, and as a forced laborer in Germany

Life before the war; German occupation ensues; dispossession; deportation to the Warsaw ghetto; life in the ghetto; escaping to the "Aryan" side with help of forged papers; marrying; escaping to Lwów; escaping back to Warsaw; escaping to Hungary; receiving privileges from the Polish Consulate; escaping to Yugoslavia; joining the partisans in March 1944; sabotaging a railroad track; arrested by the Germans and taken to Germany; working in a factory that manufactures spare parts for tanks; posing as a Croat; receiving extra privileges; liberated by American forces; reaching Buchenwald; encountering Holocaust...

File Number : 13612

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

Testimony of Yekhezkel Tzukert, born in 1929 in Warsaw, about his experiences in the Warsaw ghetto and in camps in Poland, Germany, and Czechoslovakia during the war

Life before the war; offspring of an affluent traditional Zionist family; antisemitic manifestations before the war; attends a cheder and a Jewish government school; encounters Jewish refugees from Germany in 1938; war breaks out; ghettoization; studies in the underground until 1942; mutual assistance; epidemic typhus; placed in a Jewish hospital; sister and younger brother die; parents and remaining brother sent to Treblinka; adopted by Szmul Wajsman; smuggling food into the ghetto; arrested by Jewish police and sent to Majdanek; life in the camp; assigned to forced labor; physical abuse; cases of suicide;...

File Number : 13551

Type of Material : Testimony

Language : Hebrew

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