Testimony of Ariela Fulman Harkavi, born in Lodz, Poland, in 1924, regarding her experiences in the ‎Lodz and Warsaw Ghettos, her escape and living under a false identity

Testimony of Ariela Fulman Harkavi, born in Lodz, Poland, in 1924, regarding her experiences in the ‎Lodz and Warsaw Ghettos, her escape and living under a false identity Her childhood in a well-to-do secular family; attendance at a Polish school; antisemitism; ‎occupation by the Germans; her expulsion from secondary school due to “Numerus Clausus” ‎‎(Jewish quotas); torching of the synagogue; deportation to the Lodz Ghetto at the beginning of ‎‎1940; transfer to Warsaw; transfer to the Warsaw Ghetto; studies at the Florence Nightingale ‎School of Nursing in the ghetto; death of her father; life in the ghetto; deportation of her mother ‎and brother to the death camps at the end of 1942; joining a work gang on the Aryan side, and ‎escape; help from family friends; taking the identity of a deceased girl named Marianna ‎Mitoshevska; return to the ghetto before Passover 1943; the Warsaw Ghetto uprising; torching of ‎the house and escape with a group of 20 people to the roof at the edge of the ghetto; jumping ‎from the burning house and escape through a hole in the ghetto wall; life in Warsaw on the Aryan ‎side under a false identity; the Polish uprising in August 1944; German demand to turn the clinic ‎over to their use; escape, establishing the clinic somewhere else, and treatment of Polish injured; ‎helping a Polish woman bury holy books given to her by Jews for safe keeping; deportation to ‎Pruszkow Camp; escape and life in Pruszkow under a false identity; liberation on 9 May 1945; ‎return to Lodz; rehabilitation after the war; aliya to Israel in 1952; absorption.‎