Testimony of Viviana Graner née Volterra, born in 1925 in Ancona, Italy, about her experiences in Ancona and in hiding with a family in Monte S. Martino, 1943–1944

Testimony of Viviana Graner née Volterra, born in 1925 in Ancona, Italy, about her experiences in Ancona and in hiding with a family in Monte S. Martino, 1943–1944 Offspring of assimilated family in Ancona; father an anti-Fascist activist; father warned by authorities; promulgation of racial laws in 193; father dismissed from his teaching job; witness studies in a community setting; is attracted to Judaism; suffers from economic hardships; German occupation ensues in 1943; family escapes after being warned in advance; family finds a hideout in Monte S. Martino; conceals their Jewishness; prayerbook deposited with a priest; activity of the Stortino family (subsequently Righteous among the Nations); American and British POWs are placed in the village; witness liberated and returns to Ancona; moves to Milan; joins the Zionist movement; immigrates to Israel in 1949.