Testimony of Bronia (Starer) Frank, born in Ottynia, Poland, 1924, regarding her experiences in Ottynia, as a forced laborer for the Red Army and in the Chelyabinsk area

Testimony of Bronia (Starer) Frank, born in Ottynia, Poland, 1924, regarding her experiences in Ottynia, as a forced laborer for the Red Army and in the Chelyabinsk area Life before the war; hasidic family. Soviet occupation, 1939; nationalization of the family's shop; receives a Communist education; death of her mother, 1940; arrival of refugees from Poland; outbreak of the war between Germany and the Soviet Union, 1941; murder of people in villages in the area; escape and joins convoys of refugees; cut off from her brother and brother-in-law during the escape; receives food, a place to sleep and clothing from local people; transfer to forced labor for the Red Army; transfer to a kolkhoz in the Chelyabinsk area; life in the kolkhoz including labor in shifts in an ammunitions factory; end of the war, May 1945. Return to Poland, 1946; move from Poland with the Bericha organization; DP camp life in Salzburg; aliya to Israel, 1949.