Testimony of Shmuel Arditi, born in Sofia, Bulgaria, 1935, regarding his experiences as a child in Sofia, Ruse and a village in Bulgaria

Testimony of Shmuel Arditi, born in Sofia, Bulgaria, 1935, regarding his experiences as a child in Sofia, Ruse and a village in Bulgaria Life before the war; from a secular family with Italian citizenship; founding of the Zionist Revisionist Party in Sofia by the witness' father, 1924; attends a Jewish school. Restrictions on the Jews; transfer of the family business to a non-Jewish female employee; continuing to work in the business; deportation of the Jews to outlying cities; granted permission to remain in Sofia due to their Italian citizenship; his father's activities on the Relief Committee; demonstration, 24 May 1943; Italian surrender and deportation to Ruse, September 1943; living in his grandfather's house; capture of his father not wearing the yellow badge; release of his father on condition that he leave Ruse; escape to his father's farm in a village; life on the farm including relations with the local farmers; liberation by the Red Army. End of the war; return to Ruse, 1944; move to Sofia, 1945; life in Sofia; aliya to Israel, 1949.