Testimony of Avram Langbaum, born in Zamosc, Poland, 1921, regarding his experiences in Zamosc, Lwow, camps in the Soviet Union and his aliya to Eretz Israel, 1942

Testimony of Avram Langbaum, born in Zamosc, Poland, 1921, regarding his experiences in Zamosc, Lwow, camps in the Soviet Union and his aliya to Eretz Israel, 1942 Life before the war; well-to-do family; displays of antisemitism; numerus clausus; harassment of Jewish businesses by Endeks; receives knowledge regarding the murder of Jews and regarding Kristallnacht. German occupation, 15 September 1939; capture of Jewish and Polish hostages; murder of the hostages; Soviet occupation; German occupation; escape of Communists to the Soviet Union; escape to Lwow with his brothers; life in Lwow including deportation to labor mining coal; unsuccessful escape attempt to Poland; detention by the Soviets; life in camps in the Soviet Union including malaria disease; labor logging trees; approach of the German Army; release from labor and draft of the camp's inmates to the Polish brigade and the Czech brigade of the Red Army; escape; escape to India on the "Neorlia" ship, 1942; escape to Iran on a ship, 1942; aliya to Eretz Israel, 1942. Return of his brother to Zamosc and his brother's murder by Poles.