Testimony of Zeev Wolf Schwammenthal, born in Berlin, Germany, 1924, regarding his experiences in the Cernauti Ghetto and as a forced laborer for the Romanian Army

Testimony of Zeev Wolf Schwammenthal, born in Berlin, Germany, 1924, regarding his experiences in the Cernauti Ghetto and as a forced laborer for the Romanian Army Life before the Nazi rise to power in Germany; Jewish community; burglary of his father's store; Nazi rise to power; threats against his father. Escape of the family to Czechoslovakia; move to Romania; planned aliya to Eretz Israel; theft of the family certificate; move to Cernauti; murder of Jews; deportation to the Cernauti Ghetto; his father's work as a furrier; deportation to Romanian Army labor camps; attitude of the Ukrainians towards the Jews; housing in synagogues; return to Cernauti; meets with the family; help to his father at work; liberation by the Red Army; draft to the Red Army; transfer to Kiev and Stalingrad with the army; theft of possessions; military exercises; hospitalization. Return to Cernauti; move to Bucharest; studies; aliya to Israel with the family, 1950; security activity; starts a family, 1953.