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Avraham Fein

Testimony
ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ
ืžืจืื™ื™ืŸ: ื“ื‘ ื’ื“ื™
ืชืืจื™ืš: 18 ื‘ืžืื™ 2000
ืžืคืขื ื—ืช: ืืกื ืช ื‘ืจืืœ
ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ - ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
ืงื•ื‘ื ื” - KAUNAS
ืคืœืžื•ื ื” - PALEMONAS
ืฉื˜ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืฃ - STUTTHOF
ื“ืื›ืื• - DACHAU
ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’ - LANDSBERG
ืžื•ื“ื ื” - MODENA
ื˜ืจื‘ื™ื–ื• - TREVISO
ื‘ืืจื™ - BARI
ืคืœื•ืจื ืก - FLORENCE
ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ
ืฉ. ืžืจ ืคื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชื™ ื ื•ืœื“ืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื‘ื ื” (KAUNAS) ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ื˜ื, ื‘- 7 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1931.
ืฉ. ื‘ืžื” ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขืกืงื• ืœืคืจื ืกืชื ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื?
ืช. ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ืืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื”. ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ื—ืจ. ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ื™ืœ. ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœ, ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื˜ื•ื ืื™ ืžืฉื•ื•ืง. ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื”. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืงืจืช ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืช.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชืš ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืžื ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”?
ืช. ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืžื ืชื” ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื: ืื ื™, ืื‘ื, ืืžื ื•ืื—ื•ืช ืื—ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืื—ื•ืช ืื—ืช.
ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื”?
ืช. ืœื•ื‘ื”. ืขืœ ืฉื ืกื‘ื ืฉืœ ืืžื™ ืฉืฉืžื• ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘. ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืœืœื•ื‘ื”.
ืฉ. ื’ืจืชื ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื•ื™ื™ื?
ืช. ืœื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื’ืจื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
ืฉ. ืžืื™ื–ื” ืจืงืข ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืืชื” ื‘ื? ื“ืชื™? ืžืกื•ืจืชื™?
ืช. ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืขื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื’ื ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื›ื "ืœ. ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื ื• ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืกืžืžื ื™ื, ื’ื ื”ืกืžืœื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืื™ืš ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืชื™.
ืฉ. ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœืžื“ืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ, ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืขืžืžื™ ื•ื’ื ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืื—ื“. ืงืจืื• ืœื• ืฉื•ื•ืื‘ืก. ืฉื•ื•ืื‘ืก ื–ื” ืฉื ื”ืื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืกื“ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื•, ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื”. ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ. ืœื ื”ืกืคืงืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”. ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœืžื“ื” ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืžืขืœื™. ืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืขื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืื—ื“ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ืช.
ืฉ. ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฉืคื” ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฉืคื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ืงื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื™ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื•ื™ืœื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืœืžืขื˜ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื•ื˜ืจ ืื• ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ืœืงื ื•ืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืง ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื›ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืจืžื” ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื”ืกืงื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืืœื”. ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื—ื“ืจ ื ืคืจื“ ืœืขื•ื–ืจืช ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืขื•ื–ืจืช ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉื›ืจ ืœื“ื™ื™ืจ ืžืฉื ื”. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืื– ืฉื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื ื•, ื”ืคืจื™ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ื•ืชื™, ืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ื ืคืจื“ ื•ืœืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ื ืคืจื“.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ืงืฉื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ ืขืฉืจ. ืื ื™ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ืงืœืืกื™ืช, ืžืื– ื’ื™ืœ ื ืžื•ืš. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”. ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืจื“ื™ื•. ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืจื“ื™ื•. ืื ื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”, ืชืฆื—ืง. ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ, ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื“, ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื”, ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชื— ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ, ื’ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ื. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
ืฉ. ืื™ื–ื” ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืช ืงื•ืจื?
ืช. 'ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉื” ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ'. ื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš, ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ื–ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืกืคื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืคื•ืช. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื.
ืฉ. ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืš ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช? ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช?
ืช. ืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืœ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื“ื•ืง ืžืืฉืจ ืื‘ื. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ื”ื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘, ืืœื ื’ื ื ื™ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ืชื™ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื’ืžืจื ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื• ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื•ื“. ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืฉืจ ื–ืžื™ืจื•ืช, ื’ื ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื” ื›ื›ื”. ื’ื ื”ืžืจืง ื•ื’ื ื”ื‘ืฉืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื”. ื•ื›ื›ื” ื’ื ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื’ ืืชื” ื–ื•ื›ืจ?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืกื“ืจ ื ืคืจื“, ืœื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ, ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ืืœืช ืืช ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืื ื™ ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืืฆืœื• ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืฆืœื ื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืจืงืข ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขื ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœืš ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœืš ื•ืขื ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš ื”ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื.
ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ื‘ื•, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืขืจ ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ื ื™ื”ืœืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืชื™ ื‘ื’ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”. ืขื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืฉืžื—ืชื™. ื™ืชืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืจืง ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืื• ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจื•ื‘ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืื—ื•ื– ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื• ืื• ืžืชื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืชื ืืฃ ืงืฉืจ, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื ืื—ื“.
ืฉ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช? ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื• ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื”?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืฆืœื ื• ืงื•ืคืกืช ืงืจืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ื”ื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช, ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฅ ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช. ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชื™ื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘, ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช, ืฉืืชื” ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชืš? ืืชื” ืกื‘ืœืช ืžืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืœื“. ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื™ื• ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ืื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ, ืฉืคื” ื”ืชื ืคืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื• ืคื” ื”ืชื ืคืœื• ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช. ืขื“ ืœื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื.
ืฉ. ื›ืฉืืชื” ืงื•ืจื ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืช, ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืš?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืจ ืœื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืื ื™, ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืงื•ืจื ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื•ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืงืจืืชื™, ื–ื” ืœื ืœืคื ื™ 1935/6. ื–ื” ืœื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื“. ื–ื” ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืžืชื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื. ืื– ืื‘ื ื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืคืขืœ ืฉืœื•, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืœ. ืื– ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืขื‘ืจ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืžื™ืฆืจื ื•ืช, ืžืชืขืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžืกื—ืจ. ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืœื ืขืœ ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืงื•ืจื ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1938, ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื‘ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”. ืืชื” ืฉืžื“ืคื“ืฃ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืš ืžืฉื”ื•? ืืชื” ืฉื•ืืœ?
ืช. ืœื, ืœื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ืš ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื”?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืžืชื•ืš ื“ืื’ื” ืื• ืžืชื•ืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื• ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช. ืœื. ืกืคื’ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ. ื›ื™ ื’ื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™. ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ืขื‘ืจ, ืื™ืš ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ืฉ. ืžื”ืฉื’ืจื”, ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžืฉื’ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ืš, ืžืชื™ ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช?
ืช. ื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘- 1940, ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื˜ื ืกื•ืคื—ื” ืœืจื•ืกื™ื”.
ืฉ. ื•ื›ืฉืคืจืฆื” ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”?
ืช. ืœื, ื‘- 1940, ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื ืจื•ื‘-ืžื•ืœื•ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœื™ื˜ื ื›ืžื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืกื•ืคื—ื• ืœืจื•ืกื™ื”. ื•ืื– ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืœื™ื˜ื. ืื– ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ ืžืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช: ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื ืืกืจื” ื•ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ืื ืœืžื“ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ื•ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืžืื“. ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ื ื•ืชืง ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื•ืกื™?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื•, ืืžื ื. ื”ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื•, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืขื•ื–ืจืช. ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื ืฆืœื ื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ื’ื ื”ืชืฆืจื•ื›ืช ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”. ื›ื™ ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืกืคืงื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช. ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื ื• ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื›ืœื• ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืœื‘ืฉื•. ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื”. ื’ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืื• ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืื• ื›ืืœื”, ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ืจื•ืกื™ื. ื”ืื•ืคืจื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืขื ืืžื ืœืื•ืคืจื”, ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืื•ืคืจื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืื•ืคืจื•ืช ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ื•ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ืืช ืื ื™ ื—ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ. ืื‘ื ื ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื›ื™ืจ, ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื’ื ืื• ื’ืจื ืœืจืฆื™ื—ืชื•, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš. ื”ื•ื ื ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืคืขืœ ืฉืœื•. ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืชื ื”. ื›ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืื– ื–ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื•ื“ืจื•ืช. ื–ื” ืœื ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืคืขืœ ืืœื ืœืคื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš.
ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจืš?
ืช. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืื– ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
ืฉ. ืœืžื” ืขื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ?
ืช. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื‘ืื• ื”ื ืคืจืงื• ืืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืขืžืžื™ ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ืื ื™ ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืขืžืžื™, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™, ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื™ืงืจ, ืื– ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžื 'ืฉื•ื•ืื‘ื”', ืฉืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื, ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืื–ื•ืจื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืฆืœื ื•. ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ. ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ "ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื" ื•ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ "ืขื ื™ื™ื". ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ. ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื”, ื›ืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”. ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืžืื“ ื›ื™ืœื“. ื’ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื ื•ืขืจ ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ืชื ื•ืขืช ื ื•ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื”ืคื™ื•ื ืจื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืื• ืœื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ. ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ื”. ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ืœืจื•ื—ื ื•ืœื ืœื—ื™ื‘ืชื. ื•ื”ื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื•ื—ืจืงื• ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ืœื ืื—ืจ.
ืฉ. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื“ืช, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช, ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืฉื”ื•?
ืช. ืœื, ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื ืœื ื ื’ืขื•. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ืชืคืœืœื ื•, ืœืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื•ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช. ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื‘ื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืขื•. ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื’ืขืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•.
ืฉ. ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืฉืจ, ืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื?
ืช. ื”ื™ื”.
ืฉ. ื’ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื•ืกื™?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ื“ืชื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื•. ื”ืฉื•ื—ื˜ื™ื ื ืฉืืจื•. ืืžื ื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื ื™ืกื• ื’ื ืืช ื”ื›ืคืจ, ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฆืœื™ื—, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“. ืื– ื”ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ืœืงื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืœืงื ื’ื™ื“ืœื• ื•ืคื™ืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ืจืคืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื’ื ืขื’ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื ืคืจื•ืช ืœืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ืืช ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื”. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื”.
ืฉ. ืขื“ ืžืชื™?
ืช. ืขื“ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช?
ืช. ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื—. ืื ื™ ื›ื™ืœื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ื” ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืœืื—ื•ืจ, ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืงืจื ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืžืฆื•ื ื–ืจืช, ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” - ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 1940 ื›ืฉื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืคื” - ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื™ื’ื™ืข, ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื ืื• ื‘ืžืื•ื—ืจ.
ืฉ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ืฉืืชื ืชื—ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื•ืกื™, ืฉืžืขืชื ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื˜ื?
ืช. ื›ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื?
ืช. ืœื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื - ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ืจื• ืืช ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื. ื”ื ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื ื•ืจื‘ื’ื™ื”, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืืจืฆื•ืช. ื•ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืžืฉื›ื” ืœืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™. ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืื•ืงื™ืื ื•ืกื™ื, ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขื ื•, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืกืคื ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ื•. ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื ืงืžื” ืื• ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืื™ื“. ื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
ืฉ. ื•ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”? ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™.
ืฉ. ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ. ืื‘ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื›ื™ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชืœื•ื ืŸ. ืœื”ืคืš, ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืืฆืœื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืคืกื— ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžืฆื” ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืคืกื— ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืฆืœื ื• ื•ื”ืชืืจื—ื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื”โ€ฆ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ, ืื‘ื. ืืžื ืื ื™ ื’ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืงืจืช ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™.
ืฉ. ื•ืื– ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘- 1941?
ืช. ื•ืื– ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืœ 22 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™, ื›ืžื“ื•ืžื ื™, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฆืคื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ืขืงื”. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืื–ืขืงื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืฆืฆื•ืช. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืขืฉื• ืžืœื—ืžืช ื‘ื–ืง, ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืงืจืื• 'ื‘ืœื™ืฅ ืงืจื™ื’' ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ื ื—ืฆื• ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื• ืื•ืชื. ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืฆืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื‘ื ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืœื— ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ืจ, ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื. ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืจื•ื–ื™ื. ืื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคื•ืจืฆืช ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ - ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ืจ. ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื“ื•ื“, ื”ืื— ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื”. ืœื ืื— ืฉืœ ืืžื ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™, ื”ื“ืชื™, ืจืง ื”ืื— ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ืขื ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืกื‘ืชื. ื•ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช. ืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืžืฉืœื•ื—. ืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื–ื”ื‘. ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืžื–ื” ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืจื•ื–ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœืื™ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ื™ื ืืžื ื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืื ื ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ืžืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื-ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
ื•ืื– ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืคื•ืจืฆืช. ื•ืื–, ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืคืจืฆื” ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ืืช. ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื”ื•ืจืื” ืื• ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ืžืคืขืœ, ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื•, ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื•, ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”. ืื‘ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืขืœ ื•ื”ืžื—ืกื ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™. ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉื”. ื”ื•ื ื˜ืœืคืŸ ืœืžืคืขืœ ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื•ื, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื• ืžืœื•ื•ื”. ื•ื‘ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืขืœ.
ืฉ. ืœืžื” ืžืœื•ื•ื”?
ืช. ืœื™ื˜ืื™, ืขื ื ืฉืง. ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื“ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื“. ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืคืกื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื ื•ืจืฆื—ื• ืื•ืชื, ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืœื•ื•ื”, ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื• ืžืœื•ื•ื”.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื“ ืœื–ื”?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืœื›ื ื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืš ืฉืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ. ื‘ื ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ืง ืืชื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉื›ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื•. ื•ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื•. ื•ืื‘ื ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืคืขืœ ื˜ืœืคืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข. ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ื•ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืœืื™, ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžืœืื™ ืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœ ืžื•ื ื—, ืืช ื”ืกืคืงื™ื, ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืžืคืขืœ ื•ื˜ืœืคืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืขื ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื”. ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืชืคืก. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื•ื ื ืชืงืœ, ื›ื›ื” ืกื™ืคืจื• ืœื ื•, ืฉืื‘ื ืขื ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื ืชืงืœื• ื‘ื”ืชืงื”ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช, ืงืจืื• ืœื”ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื–ื ื™ื ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ื•ื”ื ืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžื™ ื–ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืžืคืขืœ ื•ืื ื™ ืœื•ืงื— ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ื”ื ืืžืจื•: ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”? ืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™? ื•ื”ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืฉื›ื ืขื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืจ ืืช ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ื• ืžืื‘ื, ื•ืชืคืกื• ืืช ืื‘ื, ืื•ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”, ืขื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื•ืžืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื•. ืื ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ - ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข, ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื•.
ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืžืื™ืคื” ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข?
ืช. ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื˜ืื™ ืกื™ืคืจ, ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช, ืœืืžื. ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœื™ื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื•, ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื•ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”, ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื›ื ืข ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื ื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœืืžื. ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขื ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช. ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืžืจ ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ืคื”, ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ืฉื. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื•. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื™ ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื ืฉืืจ ืืชื•.
ืฉ. ืื– ืืชื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื, ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืœืื‘ื?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืœื•. ื•ืื– ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชืงืฉืจ, ืžืกืจ ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืฉืœื•ื ืžืื‘ื, ืื‘ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืฉืืจื ื• ืœื‘ื“. ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืืžื ืงื™ื•ื•ืชื” ืฉืื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืื•ืœื™ ืงื™ื•ื•ืชื” ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื–ื”ื•, ืื‘ื ืื™ื ื ื•.
ืฉ. ื•ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืชืืจื’ื ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช?
ืช. ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจื™, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืœื ืžื˜ืขื” ืื•ืชื™, ื”ื•ื›ืจื– ืขืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื”.
ืฉ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืืชื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื, ืื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ? ืื™ืš ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”? ืžื™ ื™ื•ืฆื?
ืช. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจื– ืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ื–ื” ื”ื˜ืœืื™ ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื™ ื˜ืœืื™ ืฆื”ื•ื‘, ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื›ื”. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ.
ืฉ. ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™?
ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืžื ื“ื ื˜ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช?
ืช. ื‘ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ื•ืคืœืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘. ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ืฉืžืขืชื™, ืืช ื”ืคืœืงื˜ื™ื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ื™ ืืžื ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ ืœืจื“ืช ืœืจื—ื•ื‘. ืžื™ ืฉื™ืจื“ ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื• ืืžื ืื• ืื—ื•ืชื™. ื›ื™ ืืžื ื”ื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืขื ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืืฉืจ ืขื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ื™ืœื“ ืื• ื’ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื ื”. ืื™ืคื” ืงื ื™ื ื• - ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคืขืœื•. ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื• ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•. ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœืงื ื•ืช, ื–ื” ื›ืŸ. ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื, ืœื ื ื™ื”ืœื• ืฉื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆืจื›ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช, ืืœื ื‘ื‘ืืœืง. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืžื—, ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืื• ืื—ืจื™ื. ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช, ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืช ืฉื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื”. ืื– ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžืœืื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืฆืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงืžื—, ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”, ืฉืžืŸ. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•, ืœื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ื™ื”. ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ. ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžืœื—, ืงืฆืช ืกื•ื›ืจ, ืงืฆืช ืžืฉื”ื•. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื˜ื•, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื•, ืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื”. ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื”, ืืžื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื”, ืขื ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื•ืขื ื”ื“ื•ื“. ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื•.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื?
ืช. ืœื—ื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืืคื” ื›ืžื• ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื‘ืฆืง ืฉืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืฉื”, ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•, ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื’ื ื’ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ื’ื ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื”. ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื•, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื. ืกื•ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื”, ืชื” ื”ื™ื”, ืงืคื” ื”ื™ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื ื ืœื ืฉืชื™ื ื• ืงืคื” ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงืคื” ืžื™ ืฉืจืฆื”. ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•, ืงื•ืžืคื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื•. ืืžื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื” ื‘ืฉืจ, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืจ. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืคืจื•ืฅ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขื“ ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืจ, ื•ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืจ. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ืื ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื™ ืœื ืžื˜ืขื” ืื•ืชื™.
ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ืงื•ืžื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ื›ื ื™ืกื”, ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ืงื•ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืจืคืกืช ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืชืœื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื•ืคื•ื ื” ืœื—ืฆืจ. ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืคืกืช ื”ื–ืืช. ื”ืžืจืคืกืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื’ื ืื•ืจ. ื–ื” ื›ืŸ. ืœื—ืฆืจ ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ื“ ืคื” ื•ืฉื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื™ ืœืจื“ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื—ืฆืจ ืกื’ื•ืจื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืžืžื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœืš ืžืชืคืจื ืกืช?
ืช. ืœื ืžืชืคืจื ืกืช. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืœืื™ - ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•. ืœื ืžืชืคืจื ืกืช, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก, ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก, ืœื ืจืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš. ื›ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืจืง ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช: ืื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื™ืขื‘ืจื•. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืกื›ื ื”. ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ื—ื™ืคืฉื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืžืชื•ืš ื ืงืžื”. ืœื ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืกื ื• ืœื’ื˜ื•, ืื– ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื’ื˜ื• - ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื.
ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื• ืœืกื“ืจ, ืื– ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืœืš, ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื ื“ ื˜ืœืื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ื•ืื ื”ืชืžื–ืœ ืžื–ืœื• ืฉืœื ื—ื˜ืคื• ืื•ืชื• ืื– ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื›ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื‘ืชื™ื ื”ื ืœื ื ื›ื ืกื•, ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ื’ืจืช?
ืช. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื.
ืฉ. ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ?
ืช. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”.
ืฉ. ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืืชื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืขื“ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜. ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื ืกื’ืจ ื‘- 15 ืœืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1941.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’ื˜ื•?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ืื• ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉืœื•. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฆื• ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืงื•ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ืื ื–ื” ื—ื“ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืžืงืฆื™ื ืœืฉืชื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืจ. ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืื™ื–ื• ื“ื™ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืจืืชื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื” ืขื ื”ืจื”ื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœื•ืงื—ืช. ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืจื•ื–ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืจื•ื‘ื, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืืจื•ื–. ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืจื” ืืฆืœ ื’ื•ื™ ืœื™ื˜ืื™ ืขื’ืœื”, ืฉืื– ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขื•ื“ ืขื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคื ื”, ืœื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื’ืœื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืจื” ืขื’ืœื”, ื”ืขืžื™ืกื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื” ืืช ืื•ืชื ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜. ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™, ื›ื™ ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืืชื, ืืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื”, ื”ืžื–ื•ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื. ืื ื™ ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“, ืื‘ืœ ืืžื ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืขื’ืœื”, ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืกืขื”. ื•ื›ื›ื” ื”ื’ืขื ื•. ืœื ื’ืจื ื• ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื”ื’ื˜ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ืขืจืš ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ, ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ื’ื˜ื•. ื‘ืจื’ืœ ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ืง ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื’ื˜ื•. ื”ืขื’ืœื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื ื•. ืคืจืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื” ื•ื–ื”ื•.
ืฉ. ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืš ืื™ืš ืขื–ื‘ืช ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื–ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช?
ืช. ืœื, ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื ื–ื›ื•ืจื” ืœื™. ืื‘ืœ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื›ื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืข ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขืฆื ืขื–ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื•ืจื. ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉื”ืชืื‘ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืื‘ื, ืื– ืื™ืš ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืงืœื” ืœืืžื, ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืคื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื” ืืช ืื‘ื. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืจื™ื ืœื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืงืœื”. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืื– ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื”ืฉืืจื ื• ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื ื•, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื”โ€ฆ ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื ื•. ื•ื”ื’ื˜ื•, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื ืชื ืื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™. ื’ืจื ื• ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช, ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืขื ื”ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืื—ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื”ืคืš, ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืงืœื”. ื›ื™ ืื ืžืงื•ื“ื ื”ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจ ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ืžืืชื ื•, ื•ื›ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืฆืช ืกื›ื ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื•, ืื– ืคื” ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ?
ืช. ืฉืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ. ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื ืคืฉื•ืช. ื”ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืจื‘ืข ื ืคืฉื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืืชื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืžื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื• ืืชื ืžืกืชื“ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ?
ืช. ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืงืฆื™ื‘ื• ืœื›ืœ ืจืืฉ ื›ืžื•ืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘. ืื– ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืจื‘ืข ืœื—ื ืœืื“ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืš ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื.
ืฉ. ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื—ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกื›ื ื” ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘. ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงื”. ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืชื ื”ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื“ื ืจื˜, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื, ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื”. ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ื™ืœืง ืืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืกื™ืคืงื• ื•ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื•. ืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืืœื ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ื”ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘. ืœื—ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื” ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงืžื—, ืกื•ื›ืจ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืคื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช ืืช ื”ืžื ื” ืฉืœื•. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื•ืžื‘ืฉืœืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช ืœื’ื˜ื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื•ืชืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžืขืชื™. ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช. ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื, ืฉื•ืง ืฉื—ื•ืจ. ืžืฉื•ืง ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ืงืจ ืžืื“. ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืฉื—ื•ืจ.
ืฉ. ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ืœื—ื?
ืช. ืื—ื•ืชื™, ืืžื™, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื™. ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื™ื™ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื” ื’ื ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจืชื™. ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ. ื’ื ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื’ื˜ื•? ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืš.
ืช. ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืžืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™, ืฉื™ื—ืงืชื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื, ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”. ืื– ืžืฆืืชื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ื™ืœื“ ืคื•ื’ืฉ ื™ืœื“ ื•ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืขื‘ืจื• ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื. ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ืจื’.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœืš ืขื“ ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช.
ืช. ื”ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืžื™ื“. ื”ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื•, ืขื“ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืœืœื ื”ืคืกืง. ืž- 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื›ืฉื”ื’ื˜ื• ื ืกื’ืจ ืขื“ 28 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1941 ื”ื™ื• ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช, ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืจื›ื•ืฉ. ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขืจืš, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืืงืฆื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื’. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฆืื” ื”ื•ืจืื” ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžืกื•ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืขืจืš. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืืกืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื.
ืฉ. ื•ืืชื?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื ื–ืงื ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืขืจืš?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื•ืจืื” ืฉืขื“ ืชืืจื™ืš ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืกื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขืจืš. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ืคืฉ ืื ืืžื ื ืžืกืจื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื• ื•ืืกืคื• ืืช ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื›ื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืืช ืืœื” ืฉื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื. ืจืง ื‘ืืงืฆื™ื” ืื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืชืจื›ื– ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกืœืงืฆื™ื”, ืžืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืกืœืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ (AUSCHWITZ), ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช.
ืฉ. ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฉื ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”?
ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘- 28 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1941.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื•ื ื•ื ื•ืจื. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงืจ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช ืงืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” 'ื”ืืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”'. ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืขืฉืจืช ืืœืคื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื’ื˜ื• ืงื•ื‘ื ื” ืœืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืข?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื˜ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉ. ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืžื’ืจืฉ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื•ืฆืฃ ืื• ืœื. ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื•ืฉื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื•ืฆืฃ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ืจืฉ ืขื ืง, ืœื ื‘ื ื•ื™, ืจื™ืง. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื’ื™ื ื” ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ื”ืชืืกืคื• ืฉื ื‘ืขืจืš ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืืœืฃ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœื’ื˜ื•.
ืฉ. ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘?
ืช. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™, ื”ื•ื“ืขื”. ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืคืจืกื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื•ื”ืœืš ื•ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืื• ืœืžืขื˜ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื–ืงื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœืœื›ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘. ื™ืฆืจื• ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื”. ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ื, ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื”. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืกื•ื ื—ื™, ืฉืœ ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ืžืคืงื“ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืžื™ ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืžื™ ื™ื™ืฉืœื— ืœืžื•ื•ืช. ืื™ืš ื”ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ื–ื” - ืœื™ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื”ื ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ื•ื— ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืื ืžื•ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ, ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืฉ ืขืฉืจื”, ืฉื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื”, ื’ื ืืฉื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื. ืื ืžื•ืœื ืขืžื“ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืขืœ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง ืืฉื” ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœื ื• - ื”ืคื ื• ืœืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืกืคื• ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื’.
ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืคื ื• ืœืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื’. ื•ืคื” ืงืจื” ื ืก ืขื ืื—ื•ืชื™. ืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžืš, ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื”. ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื’ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืžืจื ื•, ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืื•ืจืš, ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื•ืจืช ืืœื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืœืงืฆื™ื” ื•ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื”, ืžืฉื›ื” ืื•ืชื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ื•: ื”ื™ื, ืืžื ื•ืื ื™. ืžืฉื›ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ื•ื”ื ืœื ืจืื•, ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื. ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ืจืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ืฉืžื• ืœื‘. ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฆืœื”, ืฉืื—ื•ืชื™ ืžืฉื›ื” ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ื‘ื ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™. ืื ื™ ืจืง ืกื•ืคืจ ืœื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™. ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”. ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”? ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืื‘ื—ื ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืคื” ืจืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื•ื‘ - ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘. ืืœ ืชืฉืืœ ืื™ืš, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื›ืœ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื?
ืช. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืืชื™. ืื ื™ ื™ืœื“, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืžืชื ืขื™ื. ืœื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ, ืขื“ ื”ืขืจื‘ ืขืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ืจืฉ. ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืœื ืื›ืœืชื™. ื ืคืœืชื™ ืžื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ืจื“ื•ื, ืงื•ืจ, ื™ื•ื ืงืจื™ืจ, ื™ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื 'ื™ื•ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ' ืžืžืฉ, ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉืœื ื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื•ืืžื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืฉ. ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื?
ืช. ื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขื ืขืฆืžื, ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉื–ื” ืžื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื–ื”. ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ืจืื• ืืช ืžื™ ืžืคื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ื•ืืช ืžื™ ืžืคื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช. ืืช ื–ื” ืื—ืจืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืจืื• ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืกืœืงืฆื™ื”. ืžื™ ืฉืขืžื“ ืขื•ื“ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืื” ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืจืง ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื”, ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื 'ืงื•ืœื•ื ื”' ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›ื–ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉื•ืจื”. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ื›ืจ ืžืœืื” ืขื ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ืฆืคื•ื™.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื•ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™. ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉืง, ื”ื™ื• ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช, ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื, ืื– ื›ื™ื ืกื•, ืฉืžืจื• ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืชื— ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืื—ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืฉื”ืชื ืคืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ืฉื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื˜ืžื˜ืžื• ืื•ืชื. ืคื” ืœื. ืคื” ื ืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื›ื›ื”. ืจืง ืฉืžืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ืคืจืฆื• ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื“ื™ื›ืื” ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
ืฉ. ืฉืืœืช ืื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืืœ, ืื• ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื” ื–ื”?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื–ื”.
ืฉ. ื•ืื– ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”?
ืช. ืืžืจื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืชืคื–ืจ ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžื’ืจืฉ ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ืื– ื—ื–ืจื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื’ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื“ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื ื•. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื“. ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื–ืงืŸ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ืจื ืœื›ืš, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจื”, ืขืฉืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ื”ื ืœื ื—ื–ืจื•. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื ืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืกืคืงื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืžื” ืงืจื” ืืชื. ื”ื ื›ื ืจืื”, ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื•. ืœื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ื–ื™ืง, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืื—ื•ืชื™.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืื—ืจื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื–ื”?
ืช. ื–ื” ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื–ื” ืืœื” ืฉืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืื‘ืจ ืžืื‘ืจื™ืš ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ืืชื” ืžืชืื‘ืœ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ ื›ื™ืœื“.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืขื“ืจื•ืชื?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืœื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื ืœื ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”, ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžืืชื ื• ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื ืœื ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืจื.
ืฉ. ืื—ืจื™ ื™ื•ื ื›ื–ื”, ืื™ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ื ื—ื“ืฉ? ืืชื” ื›ื™ืœื“?
ืช. ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืžื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™. ื—ืœืงื ื”ื™ื• ื•ื—ืœืงื ืœื. ืื‘ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืงืฆื™ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ืืช ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื ืื™ืฉ, ื”ื ืฆืžืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืœื›ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื”ื•ืจืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื™ืจื”. ืœื ืจืง ืื ื—ื ื•. ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ืงื˜ืŸ. ื•ืื– ืืžื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืกื•ืงื” ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”. ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
ืฉ. ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืœืืŸ ืขื‘ืจืชื?
ืช. ืœื’ื˜ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืžื™ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื. ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•, ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืืชื ื•. ืืžื ืžื—ืคืฉืช ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื•ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ืคืฉ. ืืžื ืขื‘ื“ื”. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื, ืชืฉืชื™ืช.
ืฉ. ื•ืืžื ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื•ื’ื ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™. ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืงืžื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ. ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื’ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ื–ื” ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ืื– ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื™ืฆืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืื—ื•ืจื”.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื?
ืช. ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ืขืจืš, ืœืคื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืืœืฃ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืืžื ื ื‘ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืžืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืœืืœืฃ ื“ื•ื ื.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช?
ืช. ื”ื™ื” ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืจืืฉื™ ืœืื•ืจืš, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืœืจื•ื—ื‘, ื•ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืจืืฉื™ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ื’ื˜ื•, ื•ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืชืขืคื• ืžื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
ืฉ. ื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื” ืกื’ื•ืจ?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ืขื ื’ื“ืจ ืชื™ืœ, ืขื ืฉืžื™ืจื”, ืขื ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื”, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™. ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขืจ ืจืืฉื™ ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขืจ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžืฉื ืืช ื”ืืฉืคื” ื•ืืช ื”ืžืชื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืฉืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืŸ ื™ืจืง ื›ื–ื” ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช.
ืฉ. ืžื™ ื–ื” ืคื™ืชื—?
ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ืžืจื• ืืช ื”ืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื– ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื ื•ืกื“ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ, ื ื•ืกื“ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœืื›ื”, ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื’ื ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืžื•ืกื™ืงืœื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืžืงื”ืœื”. ืื ื™ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืงืฆืช. ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ื–ื” ืœืงื— ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ืœืžื“ืชื™. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื ื’ืจื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“?
ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืื™ืคื” ืฉื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืกืœื•ื‘ื•ื“ืงื”. ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืกืœื•ื‘ื•ื“ืงื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืจืžื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืงืฆืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืขืžืžื™, ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืื• ื›ื™ืชื” ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช. ืงืฆืช ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืื•ืชื™ ืžืืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“. ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืงื”ืœื” ื•ืฉืจืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื”ืœื”. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืคืขื ื• ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืงื”ืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ. ืฉื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื’ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ืชื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื” ื›ื›ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื•ืคืขื ื•. ื”ื™ื” ืขืจื‘ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืคืขื ื•, ื’ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ื•ืช. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช. ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ื—ืจื˜ื•ืช, ื ื’ืจื•ืช, ื—ืฉืžืœืื•ืช ื•ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืื ื™ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ื ื’ืจื•ืช. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœื ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืื ื™ ื”ืงืฆืขืชื™ ืขื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื˜ื— ื™ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืฉ. ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื” ืื•ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืคืชื•ื—, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืงื™ืฅ, ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืœ 1942. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืงื•ืช. ื•ื’ื ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื•. ืื– ืื ื™ ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฆื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ื›ืจื•ื‘, ื‘ืฆืœ, ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”. ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžื” ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื, ื’ื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื’ื˜ื•, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจื•ื’ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืขืจืžื™ื ืขืจื•ื’ื”, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขืจื•ื’ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ื•ืจืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจืขื™ื ืื• ืืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื™ืจืง ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื–ืจืข, ื›ืžื• ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”. ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื ื›ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœ. ืœื”ืฉืงื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš, ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื’ืฉื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”. ื‘ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืขืกืงืชื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื“ ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื’ื˜ื•.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฉื“ื•ืช, ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืื™ืคื” ื”ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช?
ืช. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื˜ื•, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš, ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื™ื–ื” ืžืื” ื“ื•ื ื. ืื•ืœื™ ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื“ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™, ื•ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืฉื“ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ื“. ื•ื›ื›ื” ื’ื“ืœ ืฉื ืขืฉื‘ ืื• ืฆืžื—ื™ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ืขืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžืขื“ืจื™ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืขืœื• ืฉื ื’ื ืกื•ืกื™ื ืขื ืžื—ืจืฉื”. ืื ื™ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™. ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืชื™ ืœืฉื˜ื— ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื˜ื— ืžืขื•ื‘ื“, ืฉื˜ื— ื–ืจื•ืข, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื. ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ืืงื“ืžื™ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื’ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื, ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจื™ื ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™ ื•ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ื•ื–ื” ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืœืš ืœืžื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืฉื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืŸ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืงื˜ื ื”.
ืฉ. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืงื˜ื”, ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื•ื™ ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ื”ืคื ืื™ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื• ืคื ืื™, ื•ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื ืื™. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื”ืฉืชื“ืœืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื, ื’ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืงืฆืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื’ื ื”ื™ื• ืกืคืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืกืคืจื™ื. ืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœื™. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจื ื–'ื•ืœ ื•ืจืŸ ื•ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ืจ. ืืžื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, ืืžื ืขื‘ื“ื”.
ืฉ. ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื›ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”? ืžื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช?
ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืงืฆืช ืžืจื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื• ืงืฆืช ืžืจื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื.
ืฉ. ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘?
ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœื. ืœื. ืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื”ืžืฆื‘, ืืžื ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื, ืื™ืš ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื”ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืจื•ืงื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™. ื ื ื™ื—, ืื ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ืืช ืื• ืื—ืจืช, ืื– ืื ื™ ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื›ื›ื” ืžื–ื“ื”ื” ืขื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข. ืื ื™ ืื– ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื–ื“ื”ื™ืชื™ ืขื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืคืจื“.
ืฉ. ื‘ืžื” ืฉื™ื—ืงืช?
ืช. ื™ืฉ ืงืœืืก. ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืฆืจ ืžืจื•ืฆืคืช ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉื—ืง ื‘ืงืœืืก. ืฉื™ื—ืงื ื• ื‘ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื, ื’ื ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ืžืžืชื›ืช ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืงืจื™ื ืžื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ืžืฉืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืฉื™ื—ืงื ื• ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืื•ืชื, ืžืขื™ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื™ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื•ืจ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ืžื•ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืคืฅ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืงืคื™ืฆื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืขื•ื˜ ื‘ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืชื•ืคืกืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืชื•ืคืกืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื—ืง. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืชืฉืชืงื•, ืขืœ ืชืขื™ืจื•, ืขืœ ืชืคืจื™ืขื•. ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื”ืฉืชื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืงื™ื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฆืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื•ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืœืฆืขืจื™. ื•ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ืขื’ืœื•ืช ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื.
ืฉ. ืžืžื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื™ื?
ืช. ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช. ื”ืกื ื™ื˜ืฆื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื’ื ืžืžื—ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืžื–ืงื ื”, ื—ื•ืœืฉื”, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข.
ืฉ. ืืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื”?
ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืื‘ืขื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืจื•ื—, ื‘ืจื•ื ื›ื™ื˜, ืื ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื?
ืช. ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ื™ื•. ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืจื•ืคื. ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืคืขืœื•. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ืจื•ืคื. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”. ืชื” ื”ื™ื”, ืžื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื—ื•ืžื. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืขื“ ืขืฉืจื” ื™ืžื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื™ ืœืฆืืช. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื ื ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจ?
ืช. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื ืฉื™ื: ืื ื™, ืืžื, ืื—ื•ืชื™, ื•ืืžื ื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื–ืจื™ื. ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืคืจื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื˜ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ืืžื ืชืœืชื” ืกื“ื™ืŸ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ื ื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืกืชื“ืจื™ื? ืœืงืœื—, ืœื›ื‘ืก?
ืช. ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืกื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ืฆืจ, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืขืฅ ื ืžื•ืš, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืงื•ืžื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืฆืจ ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•. ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•. ืœื—ืžื ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืžืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ื—ื™ืžื•ื, ืื ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื”, ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืจ. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชื ื•ืจ ืื• ืขืœ ืขืฆื™ื ืื• ืคื—ืžื™ื. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืช ื–ื” ืกื™ืคืงื• ืœื ื• ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ื—ืชื›ื ื• ืขืฆื™ื. ื’ื–ืžื ื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื—ืชื›ื ื• ืขืฆื™ื.
ืžืงืœื—ืช, ืงืฉื” ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ืžืงืœื—ืช. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ืžื”ืžืื” ื”ืฉื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื™ืŸ ืงืขืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ืขืžื•ืงื”. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืงืœื—ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืชืงืœื—ื• ื›ืžื• ืคื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืงืœื—ื™ื ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืจื—ืฅ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืžืงืœื—ืช ื•ื˜ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืงืœื—ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชืงืœื—ื ื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืคื—ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืงืœื—ืช ื•ืจื—ืฆื”, ืฉืœ ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืืฆืœื ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืกื‘ื™ืจ. ืืžื ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื‘ื™ืจ. ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื”. ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขืฉื‘. ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื‘.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ื˜ื•?
ืช. ืœื—ื ื™ื‘ืฉ, ืงืฆืช ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื”, ืงืฆืช ื’ืจื™ืกื™ื, ืงืฆืช ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”. ืžื–ื” ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฆื™ืฆื•ืช. ืงืฆืช ื‘ืฉืจ, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืจ ืกื•ืก. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืกื™ืคืงื• ื‘ืฉืจ ืกื•ืก. ื‘ืฉืจ ืกื•ืก ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืชื™ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืชื•ืง ื•ื’ื ืงืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ืœื ื›ืฉืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื™ืช ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ืื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช. ืœื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื. ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื’ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช.
ืช. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘, ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื™ืคื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช. ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ืจ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช?
ืช. ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืชืงืŸ ื‘ื• ืืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืกืคืจ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉืคื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ื”ื™ื• ื›ืกืื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“, ื•ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื‘ื“, ืื– ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฆื“. ืื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืื• ืขื•ืžื“. ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ืขื ืื‘ื. ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ื“ื™ืœื’ื• ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืขืงื‘ืชื™, ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืขืงื•ื‘. ื›ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื‘ืจื” ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ืช ื•ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืื ื™ ืขืงื‘ืชื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœืชื™. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื™ื“ืขืชื ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ืชื‘ืฆืข. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžืชื™ ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืชื™ ื–ื” ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช. ืืžื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื“ืœื™ืงื” ื ืจื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืชื“ืœืช ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจื•ืช. ื’ื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืช. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ. ื—ืœื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื•, ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืคืกื— ืœืžืฉืœ, ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.
ืช. ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจื•ืช - ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื. ื›ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืงืฆืช ื–ื”ื‘, ืงืฆืช ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื—ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืœื”ื ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื ื’ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ื ืจื•ืช, ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื ื’ื™ื“ ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ืื“ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ. ื’ื ืื ืืฆืœื ื• ืœื ื”ื“ืœืงื ื•, ืืฆืœ ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ื–ื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช, ืื– ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช, ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืกืžืœื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืืฆืœื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืžืŸ ื•ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ ื•ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื•, ืขืœ ืงื™ื‘ื” ืจื™ืงื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื•. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืืžืฅ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื—ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื. ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืจืื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉื ื•, ืฉื”ื–ื“ื”ื™ื ื•. ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืจื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื—ื“ื™ื - ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“. ืื ื™ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืจืื™ืช ืืช ืืžื ืฉืœืš ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืื—ื•ืชืš ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”? ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘, ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื—?
ืช. ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”. ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘. ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืขื•ื“ ืœื”ื’ื ื™ื‘ ืื™ื–ื” ืคืจื•ืกืช ืœื—ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืขืจ, ืื• ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื›ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื’ืข ืขื ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื•ื‘ื›ืคื•ืจ, ืื– ื”ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื• ืžืงื•ืคืœื•ืช, ืžืฆื•ืžืงื•ืช, ืžืฆื•ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช, ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช. ืื– ืงืฉื” ืœื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ื ืจืื•. ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื—ื”.
ืฉ. ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืš?
ืช. ืกื›ื ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืœื. ื’ื ืœื ืกื›ื ื” ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘, ืœื ื”ื™ื”. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื ืกื” ื›ื›ื” ืœื ืœื”ืชื‘ืœื˜. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื›ื” ืžืžืงืœ ืื• ืžืงืช ืจื•ื‘ื” ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช. ืื– ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ื ื•ืœื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืœื—ืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื. ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื“ื ื•. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืคืง ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื, ื“ื™ ืงื˜ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืง ืฉืœื›ื?
ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืื• ืžืฉื‘ืช ืœืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืื•ืคืง ืฉืœื ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืืžืฆืข ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžื˜ ืงืฆืช ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืงืคื“ื ื™. ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืงืคื“ื ื™. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช, ื”ื™ื• ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืคื”. ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขื ื•. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื‘ืช ืœืฉื‘ืช. ื›ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™, ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ื’ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื” ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช, ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš. ืจื•ื‘ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืฉื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืฉื ืžื•ืงื“ื. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืืจื‘ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ืš, ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœืืจื‘ืข, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื—ืžืฉ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉืš.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื“ืœืงืชื? ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉืžืœ?
ืช. ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ืš. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉื—ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืงื•ื“ื”. ืฉื ื™ืช, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืœืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื•ืœื˜. ืœืงืจื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ื‘ื—ืฉืžืœ ืฉื”ื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืœื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืฆืคื•ืคื•ืช, ืœื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ - ื–ื” ื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื•. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—, ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื›ืœื ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื™ื“, ื•ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื. ืื– ืื ื”ื“ืœืงื ื• ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื™ืคื” ืฉืื›ืœื ื•, ืื™ืคื” ืฉืืžื ื‘ื™ืฉืœื”, ืื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืื—ืจืช ื”ืคืงืงื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืžืก.
ืฉ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืืžืš ื•ืื—ื•ืชืš ืขื‘ื“ื•, ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื•?
ืช. ื”ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืฉืœื•ื. ื”ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืจืง ืื•ื›ืœ. ื”ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื•ื”ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœืช. ื•ืงืฆืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื ื•ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื”, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื•. ื”ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช.
ืฉ. ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืš ืื•ื›ืœ?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื•ื›ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื. ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืชื ื”ืœื” ื‘ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื‘ื’ื˜ื•. ืืœื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชื•ืกืคืช, ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืืžืฅ. ืืœื” ืฉืœื ืขื‘ื“ื• - ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื™ื”ืœื ื• ืžืฉืง ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™. ืžื” ืฉืืžื ืงื™ื‘ืœื”, ืžื” ืฉืื—ื•ืชื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœื”, ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ - ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง. ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™.
ืฉ. ื”ืฉื’ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืขื“ ืžืชื™?
ืช. ื”ืฉื’ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื“ ืกืชื™ื• 1943. ื‘ืกืชื™ื• 1943 ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ืœืžื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื”, ื‘ืœื˜ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœื™ื˜ื. ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื”ื’ื˜ื•, ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช: ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื”, ื‘ืฉืื‘ืœื™ ื•ื‘ื•ื™ืœื ื”. ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืื•ืชื ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ื•ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื ืœื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™: ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžืืชื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื ื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืคืœืžื•ื ื” (PALEMONAS), ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืชื›ืฃ ืืกืคืจ.
ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื“ืขืชื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืœื—. ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื”, ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืœืจื™ื’ื”. ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ื•ืœืจื™ื’ื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ืจืง ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1943.
ืฉ. ืžื™ ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื•?
ืช. ืื ื™, ืืžื™ ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื ื‘ื—ืจืชื ืœื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ื–ืืช?
ืช. ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืจืง ืฉืžื•ืช. ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื›ื›ื”: ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ื–ื” ืื ื™), ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื ื” (ื–ื• ืืžื) ื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื‘ื” (ื–ื• ืื—ื•ืชื™). ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช, ืžื™ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ืžื™ ืื ื™. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื ื™ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจ, ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื”, ืื ื™ ื’ื‘ืจ. ื•ื—ื™ืคืฉื• ืื•ืชื™, ื”ืขื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ื•ืืžืจื•: ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจื” ืœื”ื ืืžื: ืชืจืื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืคื” ืขืกืง ืขื ื™ืœื“. ืืžืจื• ืœื”: ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš, ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื•ื–ื”. ื•ืื– ืืžื ื ื™ืกืชื” ืื• ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื™, ืื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™. ืื– ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ, ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืืœื™. ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ื• ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื ื• ืœื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืžื—ื ื”.
ืฉ. ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžื—ื ื”?
ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืงื•ื‘ื ื”, ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉื‘ืขื”-ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ืžืงื•ื‘ื ื”, ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืคืœืžื•ื ื”. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ืœืœื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ื•ื”ื’ืขืชืš ืœืžื—ื ื”.
ืช. ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื’ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืžืื“. ื”ืชืงื‘ืฆื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื•. ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืฉืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื ื”, ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืจื›ื‘ืช, ื ืกืขื ื• ืœืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืคืœืžื•ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืขื‘ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื. ื ืกืขื ื• ืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื”, ืขืฉืจื™ื ื“ืงื•ืช. ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืžื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžื—ื ื”. ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืจื•ืฉืช. ื”ื ืคื™ื ื• ืžื—ืกืŸ ืื—ื“. ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ืกืŸ ืื—ื“ ื“ืจื’ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ืงื•ืžื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื’ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื• ืงืฉ, ื ืชื ื• ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื“ืจื’ืฉ, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื•. ืคื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ืกืŸ, ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ืจื’ืฉื™ื, ื•ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื—ืกืŸ ืื—ื“. ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ืžื—ืกืŸ ื”ื ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืžื˜ื‘ื—. ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ืœืชืจ ืžืื“. ื”ืžื–ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืืžื ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—. ื•ื–ื” ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื“ืื’ื” ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ืœื™ ื•ืœืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœืื•ื›ืœ. ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื›ืœื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื ืขืฉืจื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืœื ืื›ืœื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ. ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื›ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืคืจ. ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื, ืืกืคืงืช ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื“ืื’ื• ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื”. ืื– ื”ื™ื ื“ืื’ื” ืžื”ืžืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื, ื”ื™ื ื“ืื’ื” ืœื ื• ืœื—ื‘ื™ืชื•ืช, ืœื‘ื™ืฆื™ื, ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืžืŸ, ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื›ื›ื” ืขืจื•ืš ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื“ืจื•ืฉ. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืช ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืžื•ื ื”.
ืช. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœื›ืžื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื. ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืขื™ืกื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื™ื•ืฆืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื. ื–ื” ืžืขืจื‘ืœื™ื. ื–ื” ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื, ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืขืจื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืขื™ืกื” ื”ื–ืืช ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืœืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื™ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืงืฆืช ื‘ืฉืžืฉ. ื–ื” ืจืง ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ืขืœ ืžืกื™ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืชื ื•ืจื™ื, ืœื›ืืœื” ืชื ื•ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืขืžื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ, ืžืกื“ืจื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ, ืžืžืœืื™ื ืชื ื•ืจ, ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืจ ื‘ืคืชื— ืขื ื—ื•ืžืจ ื›ื–ื” ื“ืง, ืขื ื˜ื™ื— ื“ืง, ืขื ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ ื“ืง. ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื”. ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉืจืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืื“ื•ื. ื”ื™ื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืชื—. ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ื“ื ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืงืจืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืชื ื•ืจ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื ืขืฆื•ื. ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืžืจื•ืงื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืจื™ื, ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœื—ืฆืจ.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื™, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ.
ืฉ. ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืช.
ืช. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื– ื‘ืŸ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื”. ืžืœืื• ืœื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืคืœืžื•ื ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืžืฆืื” ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•. ืื– ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื–ื–, ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืกืข. ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžืกื™ืœื” ืื– ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ืื ื™ ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžืกื™ืœื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื”. ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืงื•ืฉื™.
ืฉ. ื›ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืขืฆื, ื›ืฉื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื” ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื, ืื™ืš ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื? ืžื” ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื?
ืช. ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื ื’ืจืžื ื™ื. ืฉืžื” ืžื™ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ืจ, ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื•ืฅ. ืื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืืœื•ื”ื™ื. ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืื•ืชื ืคื”, ืฉืืžืจื•: ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืจื•ืฅ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื–ื ื™ื ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืื• ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืžืกืจื• ืื•ืชื, ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืœืฉื™ื ื• - ื ืฉืืจื• ื•ืœื ื–ื–ื•. ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ืขื–ื‘ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืคืชื•ื—.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื›ื?
ืช. ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื• ืžื’ื˜ื• ืงื•ื‘ื ื”. ืื– ื”ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื™ ื›ืžื• ืืœ ื™ืœื“. ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืื‘ื”ื™, ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™, ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื ืชื ื• ืœื ื• ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘. ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื, ืืœื” ืฉื ื™ื”ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืคืขืœ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ืื›ืคืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืฉืื•ืชื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื• ื•ื™ืขืฉื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื“ื—ืง ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ืœืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื“ื—ืง ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืฉื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืœื ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืœื ื›ืกื. ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ื”ื“ืจื’ืฉื™ื, ื•ืชื ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ืœืœ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ. ืื– ืœืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื•. ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื˜ื— ืงื˜ืŸ, ื—ื“ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ืขืกืงื•. ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื–ื”, ื“ื•ื“ ืื—ืจ, ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”, ืžืจืง ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ืื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืจื”. ืื– ื—ื™ืคืฉื ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืžื” ืœื”ืชืขืกืง. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื•. ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ืœืš ืœืžืขืจื‘ืœื™ื. ืื ื™ ืขืกืงืชื™ ืจืง ื‘ืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื•ื™, ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื›ืš?
ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืคื ื•ื™. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืขื•ืŸ, ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืขื•ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืคื ื•ื™. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื•ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืœืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืจืง ืขื ืื—ื•ืชื™, ื›ื™ ืขื ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืฉื™ื—ื”.
ื ื™ืกื• ืœืขืจื•ืš ืœื™ ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื—ื ื”. ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื˜ืขืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืœืš. ืขืœื™ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืืกืฃ ืฉื ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื– ืขืœื™ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืื ื™ ืงืจืืชื™ ืืœื ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื•ืื ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืจื›ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื–ื” ื‘ืจ-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื”.
ืฉ. ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืช?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™. ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžืื“ ืœื ืชืงื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.
ืฉ. ื”ื‘ื ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“. ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช. ืืžื ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ืช, ื›ื™ ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื ืืฉื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื’ื ืืฉื” ื“ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืขืžื“. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื”. ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื›ื–ื•. ืื– ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ.
ืฉ. ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื™ืฆื ืœืš, ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ืš?
ืช. ืœืœื ื”ืคืกืง. ืื‘ื ืœื ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืจืืฉ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ื—ืกืจ. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ืืชื ื•. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื– ื”ื•ื ืฆืฃ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืชื‘ื’ืจืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขื”.
ืฉ. ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉืœื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื? ืื ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืคื”, ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื›ื”. ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื–ื” ืืœืžื ื˜ืจื™. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจ ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™, ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข. ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœืš, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืจื‘-ื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื– ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ. ืคื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืืœืžื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืื“ ืžืื“, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืก ืื• ื‘ื•ื˜ื”, ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ืช, ืžืื“ ืžืื“ ื ืžื•ืš. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืื•ืคืง ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžืื“. ื•ื’ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ืš. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืงืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžื” ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื, ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงื™ืจ, ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืขื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ. ื–ื”ื•. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืื™ื–ื” ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืื• ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช, ืื• ืฉืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืš ืžืฉื”ื•. ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื. ืืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืกื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฆืžืš. ืืชื” ืจืื™ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœืš. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืฉืžืช ืœื‘ ืœืžื™ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ืš.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื• ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉืช?
ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืžื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ. ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ื–ื” ืจืง ืžืื—ื•ืชื™ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืงื” ืœื™, ืื• ืžืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™: ื‘ื•ื ืชืขืฉื” ื›ื›ื”, ืชืขืฉื” ื›ื›ื”. ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ื™ืœื“ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื™ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืขื•ืช, ืื• ืขืฉืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ืื– ื›ืžื”? ื”ืžื’ืข ืขื ืืžื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื–ืง ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ืคื” ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืกืคื™ืจื”, ืžื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช, ืชื—ืช ื’ื’ ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืชื—ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืคื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืื‘ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ืขื, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื.
ืฉ. ืžืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฉืžื—?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื™ ืืžื•ืŸ ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉืžื—, ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื™ ืืžื•ืŸ. ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื•ืกืข, ื•ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืขื™ื ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืข ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ืžืจื™ืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืฆื”. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืกื•ื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืจ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื™ ืชืžื™ื“, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืื•ืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžื—ื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกืงืจื ื™. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืกืงืจืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืกื’ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืจ. ืžื” ื ืจืื”. ื”ืื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™? ืื• ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืจื•ืช. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืคืืฉืœื•ืช, ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื—ื•ื, ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ื ื•ื›ื•'. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื™ ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ื›ื”.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชืš?
ืช. ื”ืขืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื”ื–ื”. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™โ€ฆ ืœื, ื”ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฉืจ ื–ื” ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช. ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืื•ืฉืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืกื˜. ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืกื˜ ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืืช ื–ื”.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื• ืœื›ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืžื•ื ื” ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื, ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื. ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื, ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืงืจืื• ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืœื™ื˜ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื•. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข.
ืฉ. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื›ื, ืœืžืฉืœ?
ืช. ืœื, ืœื.
ืฉ. ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืชื” ืชื—ื™ื” ื›ื›ื” ืœื ืฆื—?
ืช. ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™. ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ 1944, ื’ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1944
ืฉ. ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืžื•ื ื”?
ืช. ื’ื ื‘ืคืœืžื•ื ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืงื•ื‘ื ื”. ื•ืฉืžื” ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืžื•ื ื”.
ืช. ื˜ืขื ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืฉ ืขืฉืจื”, ื•ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืœื’ื™ืœื™. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืงืฆื™ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขื ื•
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื”ืืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช?
ืช. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืื—ื“ ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื”ื•ืจืื” ืœื ืœืฆืืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืžื•ื ื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืืกื. ื‘ืขืฉืจ ืื• ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืื•ื˜ื• ืขื ืฉืžื•ื ื”, ืขืฉืจื” ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”. ื”ื ืืกืคื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืขืฉื• ืืคืœ, ืขืฉื• ืžืคืงื“. ื’ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื“. ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ืคืฉื• ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืขืฆืจื• ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื, ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจื‘ืขื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉืืจืชื™. ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื›ืžื” ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื›ืžื” ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™. ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืžืžื ื™ ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขื™ืจื”. ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืจื™ื—ื”, ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื”.
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืงืฆื™ื”, ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืชื—ื™ื. ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืจื•ืกื™ืช ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื”, ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื•. ื•ื’ื‘ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื“ื‘ื™ืงื” ื’ื ืื•ืชื™, ืฉืžื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื’ืžืจื• ืื•ืชื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืคื—ื“ื ื• ืฉื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื™ื’ืžืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืื ืชืชืงืจื‘ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช - ืคื—ื“ื ื•. ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื”. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืงืจืืช ื™ื•ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช. ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื ืขืฆืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ืชื—ื™ื ื•ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฅ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื•.
ืฉ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืงืฆื™ื”, ืื– ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”?
ืช. ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ืืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉื, ื”ืขืžื™ืกื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ.
ืฉ. ืขื“ ืžืชื™?
ืช. ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื™ื•ืœื™, ื›ืžื“ื•ืžื ื™, ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื™ื•ืœื™ 1944.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”?
ืช. ืื– ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืœื™ื˜ื ืœืžื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”.
ืฉ. ืžืคื ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื”?
ืช. ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ืจื™ื›ื–ื• ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื˜ื• ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื”-ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื. ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ืคื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื ืฉืœื•ืฉื”-ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ืืžื ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื•ืื– ืืกืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ื˜ื•, ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื-ืืจื‘ืขืช ืืœืคื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืขืžื™ืกื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื. ื”ืกื™ืขื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ืžืขืจื‘ื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”?
ืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœื ืืžืจื• ืœื ื• ืœืืŸ ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืื–, ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื“ื”. ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื™ื“ืขื ื•, ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžื™ ื”ื, ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืื™ืคื” ื”ื, ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืœืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืชื—ื ื•ืช, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืื™ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืืŸ ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื•. ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื˜ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืฃ (STUTTHOF). ืฉื˜ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืฃ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื–ื™ื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืงืจื” ื ืก ื ื•ืกืฃ. ื‘ืฉื˜ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืฃ ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื ืคืชื—ื• ื”ื“ืœืชื•ืช, ืฉืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืฆื•ืขืงื™ื ืขื ื›ืœื‘ื™ื, ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืืจ ืœืš. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืืžืจื•, ื ืชื ื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืœืจื“ืช ืžื”ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจืง ื ืฉื™ื, ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื•ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื”, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™: ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืืชื” ืชืœืš ืืชื ื•. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื”. ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืืชื ื•. ืืชื” ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืขื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืชื™ืกืข ืœืืŸ ืฉื”ื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื. ื”ืŸ ื™ืจื“ื•, ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื•ืืžื, ื•ืื ื™ ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ื‘ืงืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื™ื“ื™ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืืœื ื™ื“ื™ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ, ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœื›ื™ืชื”, ื•ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืืชืŸ - ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ืฉืจืคื™ื. ื‘ืฉื˜ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืฉืžื“ื”. ื’ื ืžื—ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื’ื ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืฉืžื“ื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืืชื” ื ืคืจื“ ืžืืžื ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื™, ืฉืœื•ื, ืฉืœื•ื. ืœื ื ืฉื™ืงื” ื•ืœื ื›ืœื•ื. ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ื™ื• ืฆืขืงื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืฆื”. 'ืจืื•ืก' 'ืจืื•ืก', ืžื”ืจ ืžื”ืจ! ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื•ืช, ืœื ืœืชืืจ. ื•ืืžื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ืขื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืœื‘ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ื–ื ืืช ื–ื”. ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืขื•ื“, ืœื ืชืคืกืชื™ ืขื•ื“. ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื ื—ืชื ื“ื™ื ื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื.
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืžื”ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืฆื•ืคืคื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืงืฆืช, ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ืชืคื ื” ืžืงื•ื, ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข. ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœ- BAYERN ื•ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื“ืื›ืื• (DACHAU), ืœืชื—ื ืช ืจื›ื‘ืช ื“ืื›ืื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžื—ื ื” ื“ืื›ืื•. ืžื—ื ื” ื“ืื›ืื• ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืžืขื‘ืจ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืืžื ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกื•ื”ืจ ืœืืกื™ืจื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืื– ืจืง ืจืฉืžื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ื ืชื ื• ืžืกืคืจ.
ืฉ. ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืš ื”ืžืกืคืจ?
ืช. 8239 ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฉื•ื. ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฉื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื–ื• ืกืคืจื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืกืคืจ?
ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื‘ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืชืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื. ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืืกื™ืจื™ื, ืืœื” ืขื ื”ืคืกื™ื ื•ืขื ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืžืฉื•ืœืฉ ืฆื”ื•ื‘. ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื“ื‘ื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ืฉ. ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžื—ื ื” ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’ (LANDSBERG). ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” 1. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืฉืจ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื“ืื›ืื•, ื•ืชื—ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœืช ื“ืื›ืื•, ืชื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœืช ื“ืื›ืื•, ืขื ื”ืืกืคืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœืช ื“ืื›ืื• ื•ื›ื•'.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’?
ืช. ื‘ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ืืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœื‘ื•ื•ืืจื™ื”. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื›ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื•ื ืงืจื™ื ืชืช-ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื™ื. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื•ื ืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื ืงืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ื›ืžื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ื• ื”ืจ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ื™ืกื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื–ืœื™ื, ื•ื™ืฆืงื ื•.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ืฉื•ื‘, ื’ื ืฉืžื”, ื”ืชื—ืžืงืชื™ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืžืฉื™ ืœื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื›ื•ืœื. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื– ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื”ื™ื• ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืจืง ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื”ื ืจื™ื—ืžื• ืขืœื™ ื•ื“ืื’ื• ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืชื™, ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื’ื ืฉืžื”, ื›ืฉื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืจ ื“ื—ืคื• ื›ืืœื” ืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืื“ืžื”. ืื– ืื ื™ ื“ื—ืคืชื™ ืืช ื”ืงืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื—ื™ืœืงื• ืžืœื˜ ื‘ืฉืงื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื. ืจื•ืงื ืชื™ ืžืœื˜, ืกื—ื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื™ ืฉืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืงื™ืœื•. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื–ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืจื–ืœื ื•ืช. ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื–ืœื ื•ืช. ื›ืฉื‘ื ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืงืจ, ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื—ืžืง. ื”ื™ื• ื›ืืœื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืงื™ ืžืœื˜ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ืžืœื˜, ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื˜ื™ื— ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื˜ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื’ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ืจื—, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื” ื•ืœื ืฉื ืœื‘. ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ื›ื” ืžื‘ืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช, ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื™.
ืฉ. ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื?
ืช. ืฉืžื” ืื ื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ื™ืจื•ื“ ืžืื“. ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื”. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ืžืžืฉ. ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืœืื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืœืื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ืื ื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ 1945 ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืœื›ืช.
ืฉ. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ืช. ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื”-ืฉื‘ืขื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืœื”, ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืฉืžืจืช ื™ื•ื, ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืฉืžืจืช ืœื™ืœื”. ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื”ืžื—ื ื” ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉื”-ืฉื‘ืขื” ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ. ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ. ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื.
ืฉ. ืืชื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ื›ื”, ืื ื™ ืœื ืกื™ืคืจืชื™. ืื•ืชื• ื™ื“ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืชื—ืช ื—ืกื•ืชื•, ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืžื”ื›ื™ืชื”, ื ืฉืœื— ืœืื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ. ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืžื”ืžื—ื ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืชืจื• ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ. ืื– ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืจ ืืชื™. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืจืง ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชืจืชื™ ืืชื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืืชื™. ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ื™ ื›ื‘ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื™ืš ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืœืžื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื?
ืช. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™.
ืฉ. ืขืœ ืžื”?
ืช. ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจืง ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื: ืžื” ืื›ืœืช, ืžืชื™ ื—ื™ืœืงื• ืื•ื›ืœ, ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช, ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”. ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืืชื” ืงื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืืจื‘ืข, ืืจื‘ืข ื•ื—ืฆื™, ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืš ืœืงื—ืช ืงืคื”, ืงืคื” ืฉื–ื” ืฆื™ืงื•ืจื™ื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืืคืœ ื‘ืžืคืงื“ ื‘ืงื•ืจ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื. ื•ืื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืื– ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื›ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื”ื ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื™ื, ื”ื ืœื ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืฉ ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžืฉืžืจืช. ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืขืœ ืžื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืฉืืชื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืคืขื ืžืคืงื“. ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ื™ ืฉื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•, ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช, ืฉื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืกืžื™ื›ื”. ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื. ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืœืงื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื’, ื›ืžื” ืชืœื™ื•ืช. ืื ื’ื ื‘ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื• ื”ืชืขืกืง ืขื, ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ื ื” ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ืชืคืกื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืชืขืกืง ืขื ืืฉื”, ืื– ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื’ื ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื’ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืžืฉ, ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื”ืžื”. ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื”ืžื”? ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืžื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื”, ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช?
ืช. ืžืขื˜ื” ืžืื“. ืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”. ื•ื–ื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ืจืืงื™ื, ื”ืฆืจื™ืคื™ื ืฉื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื”ื, ื”ื™ื• ืชื ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืจื–ืœ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื-ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื ื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ื›ื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื‘ืฉืœื•ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžืขื˜ ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื”, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืจื›ืš. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื”ืชื ื•ืจ, ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ. ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ. ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืœ. ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืจืง ืขื ืงืฆืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืง ืชื•ื›ืŸ, ืื ืœื ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืงื‘ืœ ืจืง ืžืจืง ืขื ืžื™ื. ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื ื’ื. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ืžื” ืคืจื•ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื ืขื ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื”. ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื‘ืฉืจ. ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืจ ืกื•ืก.
ืฉ. ืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืจื“ืช ืžืืžื ืฉืœืš ื•ืžืื—ื•ืชืš, ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื“ ืžื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”?
ืช. ืฉืžื” ืื ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืจืข ืžืื“. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื•ื›ื”. ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืจืข. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื›ืื‘ื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืฉ, ืžืื“ ื—ืœืฉ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ืจื“ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื”. ืœื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืจืื• ืฉืื ื™ ื ืจื“ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื• ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ื— ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืขืจื ื•ืช. ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืชืืจื›ืช - ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืคื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
ืฉ. ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช.
ืช. ื™ืจื•ื“ ืžืื“. ื™ืจื•ื“ ืžืื“ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื’ืขื™ืช. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื–ื” ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช. ืœื ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื”ืชืื‘ื“ ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”, ืœื ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื™. ื–ื” ืœื.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืชืงื•ื•ืช ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืžืขื˜ ืžืื“. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื ื—ืชื™ ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื ืืœืš ืื ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื. ื•ืฉืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื ื• ืืœืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœืš, ื•ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื ื• ืžืืชื™ื™ื. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ืžื, ื›ืฉืคื™ื ื• ืืช ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ ื•ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ืชื’ื‘ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื”, ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื™ื˜ืื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ื ืฉืืจื• ืขืฉืจื” ืื—ื•ื– ืžืืœื” ืฉื‘ืื ื•. ื‘ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ.
ืฉ. ืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืจื“ืช, ืื– ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™โ€ฆ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื—ืคื• ืื•ืชื™. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจ, ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื˜ืจ, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืจืขืฉ, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืฆืขืงื•ืช, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื•. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืขืฆืžืš. ืจืง ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื™ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื™ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™.
ืฉ. ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืืชื” ื‘ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’?
ืช. ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืœ 1945.
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžื” ืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš. ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ 1944, ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื™ืช?
ืช. ื‘ืœื ื“ืกื‘ืจื’. ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ื ื”. ืœื ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื•ืœื ืขื‘ืจืชื™. ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœืœื• ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•. ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœื‘ ืžืฉื•ืžืจ, ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช. ื–ื” ืื•ืฉืฉ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ืช. ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื, ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืืคื™ืกืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™, ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื, 'ื™ืžื™ ืžื ื•ื—ื”', ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” -ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจ ืžืœืฆืืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจืชื™, ืœื›ื–ืืช ืืคื™ืกืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื’ืขืชื™. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉ-ืืจื‘ืข ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื™ืœื• ื•ื—ืฆื™, ืฉื ื™ ืงื™ืœื•.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื?
ืช. ื—ื™ืœืงื• ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื›ืžื• ืžื ื•ืช ืงืจื‘.
ืฉ. ืœื ืคื—ื“ืช ืฉื™ื’ื ื‘ื• ืœืš?
ืช. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื•, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจืง ืขื ืื•ืชื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” - ืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•. ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื™ืฆื, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข. ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“, ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช. ืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•. ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืœืœืžื—ืจืช ื•ืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉืžืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืข ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื’ื ื‘ื•. ื›ืฉื”ืชืงืจื‘ื ื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื”, ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ื”ืชื—ื–ืงืชื™. ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื™. ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื, ืฉืฉื—ืจืจื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื•ืจื™ื›ื–ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ืื›ืื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืืชื. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื•ื—. ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื—ื•ืกืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืœ, ืื– ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ "ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื" ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื‘ืžื™ืจื›ืื•ืช, ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
ืฉ. ืืชื” ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 1945.
ืช. ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1945, ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื–ื” ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืœื—ื–ื™ืช, ืื• ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช ื’ื ืœืฉื˜ื— ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ืœืืœืคื™ื. ืืžืจื•, ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจื’. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข. ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืจืฉืžื™ืช. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ื”ืขืจืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื, ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื“ืื›ืื•, ืจื™ื›ื–ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื“ืื›ืื•, ื•ืžื“ืื›ืื• ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืจื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืช, ื”ืจื™ ื˜ื™ืจื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช?
ืช. ื”ืฆืขื“ื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืื” ืื™ืฉ, ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™. ื–ื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช. ืื™ืš ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื˜ื•ืจ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ - ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืืช ื–ื”. ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™ ืขื“ ืœืจื’ืข ื–ื”. ืืœื—ื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื”. ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืื™ื–ื” ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื•. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืกืชืชืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžื™ื•ืขืจ. ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืคืฆืฆื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืงื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื’ื ื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื”. ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื ื•.
ืฉ. ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื”?
ืช. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืจืง ื‘ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืจืง ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื•ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื ืงืคื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืขืจ ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื. ืงืคื” ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืฆื™ืงื•ืจื™ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื ืžืจืง. ืœื—ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื™ื‘ืฉ. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื•, ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื™ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ืจืง ื‘ืฆื“, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื›ืคืจื™ื ืื– ื”ื™ื• ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืœื ื• ืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื•, ืชืคื•ื— ืื“ืžื” ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœ ืื• ืœื—ื. ืžืžืฉ ืžื™ื ื•ืจื™ ืžืื“.
ืฉ. ื•ืื– ืœืืŸ ืืชื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฆืขื•ื“?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืขื“ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืงืจืืช ื‘ืื“ืœืก. ื‘ืื“ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจืื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื, ืื– ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ืงืจื ื‘ืื“ืœืก. ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื™ืจื“ ืฉืœื’, ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื•ืืžืจื• ืฉื–ื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ. ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™, ื”ืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœื™, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื›ื™ืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื–ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ื—. ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฉื” ืงื˜ื ื”. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“, ืœื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืืชื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ืจ, ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืื™ื›ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ื›ืœ. ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืื ื™ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ืœื ื™ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืื›ืคืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•. ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืืžืจื”: ืžื” ืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ื›ืœ? ืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื‘ื“ ืื•ื›ืœ? ื•ื–ืจืงื” ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžืกืจื” ืื•ืชื™. ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื• ืขื•ื“ ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืขื ื ืฉืง ื•ืฆื‘ื. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืœืฉื™ื ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื, ืืžืจื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื”ืœืื”. ืœืžื—ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ื”ืจื™ื™ื ืจืื™ื ื• ืคืชืื•ื ื˜ื ืง ืืžืจื™ืงืื™. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื™ืฉ. ื•ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื.
ืงืจื” ืžืงืจื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”. ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื, ื ื™ื’ืฉืชื™ ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ื›ืคืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืื™ื›ืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ื›ืœ. ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™ ืื•ืชื” ืื™ื›ืจื” ืฉืืชืžื•ืœ ื–ืจืงื” ืื•ืชื™: ืžื” ืืชื” ื™ืœื“ ื›ื–ื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื”? ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœื‘, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื•, ื•ื”ืคื›ื” ืืช ืขื•ืจื”. ื™ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื ื–ืจืงื” ืื•ืชื™. ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™: ืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ? ืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™: ืžื” ืืชื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื”? ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืจื™ื›ื•ื–? ื•ื•ื•ื™, ื•ื•ื•ื™, ื•ื•ื•ื™.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื–ื”, ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ืš.
ืช. ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ืœืš, ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื™ื•ืืฉื™ื, ืฉื’ื ื”ื˜ื ืง ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืจื™ื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื•. ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื›ืžื• ื”ืฉืœื’. ื›ืฉื™ืจื“ ืฉืœื’ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื ื•. ืงืžื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื”ืฉืœื’ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•. ืœื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื ื•. ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ืŸ ืื“ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช. ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืงืฆืช ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉ , ื›ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ, ืœื”ื™ืคืชื—. ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืจื•ืงืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกืชืžื™. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืฉืžื—ื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื—ื” ืื• ืฉืชืคืกื ื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ. ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื•ืคืชืื•ืโ€ฆ ื’ื ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกื›ื ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื, ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ื• ืืฆืœื ื•. ื–ืจืงื• ืœื ื• ืžื” ืฉื–ืจืงื• ืœื ื•, ื‘ื™ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื, ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ื ืง, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”. ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ืœื ืืกืคื• ืื•ืชื ื•. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืื•, ื ืงืจื ืœื–ื”, ื”ืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื, ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก, ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื. ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื• ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื’ืžื’ื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืžืื“, ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืื•ืกืคื™ื ืืชื›ื?
ืช. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช, ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”. ืื ื™ ืจืง ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืงืกืจืงื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ, ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื–ื” ืืœืฃ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืืกืคื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ืื™ืš ื”ื ืืกืคื• ืื•ืชื ื• - ื‘ืื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉื. ืื– ื”ืกื™ืขื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื. ื”ืขืžื™ืกื• ืื•ืชื ื•. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ, ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืขื™ื. ืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืขื™ื. ื•ืืžืจื• ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืื™ืš ื ืงืจื ื”ืžืงื•ื. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืกืจืงื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ. ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืฉืžื—ื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื“ื”. ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื-ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื’ื’ ืžืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ.
ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžื—ื ื”, ื•ืฉืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืงื™ื‘ืœ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจืง ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื•, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื—ื“ืจ. ืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื”. ื”ื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืงืฆืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ืงืฆืช ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœ, ืงืฆืช ืœืจื—ืจื— ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืคื”, ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืฆืœื”, ืื•ื ืจ"ื ื‘ื, ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื ื”ืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื, ื”ืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืฉืœ. ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืฉืžื”. ื•ื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ื›ื›ื” ืœืชื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืฉืœ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื”ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืจื•ื—ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™, ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜ ื”ืฉืชืคืจืชื™.
ืฉ. ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืืช ืืžื ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ื ืืžืจ ื›ื›ื”, ืื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืœืœื™ื˜ื ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ืฉื•ื‘, ืืœ ืชืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืื™ืš ื•ืžื”. ื–ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืจื’ืขื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžื ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™: ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืจื•ืฃ, ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื”. ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ, ืœื ืžื™ื“, ื›ื™ ืžื™ื“ ืœื ืขืœืชื” ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”. ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ืืžื ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื ื™ ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืžื” ื•ืžื“ื•ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืœืœื™ื˜ื ืื ื™ ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœื—ืคืฉ ืฉื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ืื ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื“ื” ืœืงื—ื• ืžื”ื’ื˜ื•, ืืช ืื‘ื ืœืงื—ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ื˜ื•. ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฆื, ืืช ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฆื? ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ืืœื” ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืœืกื™ื‘ื™ืจ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ืขืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœื. ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืœื™ื˜ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื™ื•ืœื™ ื•ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื”, ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืœื™ื˜ื.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื”. ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ื ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื”?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื’ืœื”. ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื”ืชืงื”ืœื•ืช. ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื”ืชืงื”ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืคื” ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“. ืื ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืงืฆืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืœื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื” ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™. ื•ื”ื ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ, ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื. ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื•ืืจื™ื” ื•ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืœืฉ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื–ื”. ืฉื”ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ื™ืกืคืงื• ืœื ื• ืžืงื•ื ื•ื™ื“ืื’ื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืœื ืขืœ ืกืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘' ื•ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื–ื” ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™. ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™. ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืงืจืื• ืœื• ื™ืขืงื‘: ืื ื™ ื ื•ืกืข ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื”. ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: ืžื” ืคืชืื•ื? ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•, ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืกืชื“ืจื ื•. ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื•. ืืžืจืชื™: ืื ื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืœื ื ืฉืืจ ืืฃ ืื—ื“.
ื•ืื– ืงื‘ืขื• ืชืืจื™ืš ืžืคื’ืฉ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืขื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื•. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืืจื•ื–, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืงื—ืช. ืขืœื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉื, ืกื’ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืขื ื‘ืจื–ื ื˜ื™ื. ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœืœื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื. ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ื‘ื ืกื™ืขืช ืœื™ืœื” ืžืžื™ื ื›ืŸ ืœื˜ืจื‘ื™ื–ื• (TREVISO). ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ืฉืช. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืกื˜ื™ื›ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืžื’ื•ื‘ืฉืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื‘ืืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื˜ืจื‘ื™ื–ื•, ืื– ื”ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ, ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื”, ืื– ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ื–ื”, ื‘ื—ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ืฉืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืืœืš ืœืขืœื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืขืจ. ื”ื ืืžืจื•: ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื, ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื”, ืžื—ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื•ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืžื•ื“ื ื” (MODENA). ืžื•ื“ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื–ืจื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืžื•ื“ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. ื•ืฉืžื” ื”ืชืจื›ื–ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืฉืžื” ื’ื ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืžืœื™ื˜ื, ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืžืฉืžื” ืงื™ื‘ืฆื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืžื—ื ื” ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืคืœื•ืจื ืก (FLORENCE). ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืจื™ื” ืื‘ื™ืฉืจ. ืืจื™ื” ืื‘ื™ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืกืง ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื–ื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื•ืžื•ื›ืจืช. ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื•ื”ืชื‘ืกืกืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”.
ืฉ. ืื™ืคื”, ื‘ืคืœื•ืจื ืก?
ืช. ื‘ืคื™ืื“ืœื” ืืžืจื• ืฉืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจ ืžืงื•ื•ืœื™. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื–ื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ื–ื” ืคืจื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืœื•ืจื ืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ืจ. ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ืžืคื™ืื“ืœื” ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช, ื›ื›ื” ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื›ืฃ ื”ื™ื“. ืฉืžื” ื”ืฉืชื›ื ื• ื‘ื•ื™ืœื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื•ืช. ืฉืžื” ืขืกืงื ื• ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“. ืœื ืขืกืงื ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืžืขื˜, ืื•ืœื™ ืงืฆืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“. ืืจื™ื” ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ, ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืืจื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื”.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืœืžื“ืชื?
ืช. ืœืžื“ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ืชื "ืš ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืœืžื“ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกื’ืจืช, ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื˜ืจ. ืฉืžื” ืงืžื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื•ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืจื ื• ื’ื ื‘ืคืœื•ืจื ืก ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืื‘ื™ืฉืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืžืฆื ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื™. ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื•. ื‘ืืžืช ืฉืžื” ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจืงืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื–ืจื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ืžื” ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื™ืคื”. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื‘ืื ื• ืœืฉื, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜. ื•ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืฆืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”. ืื ื™ ื—ืœื™ืชื™, ืงืฉื” ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ืžื—ืœื”, ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืืฆืœื™ ืืคืฆืก. ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื—. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ. ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื—. ืืฉืคื–ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™, ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™. ื•ืื– ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืœื ืขื ืง ืฉืฉื›ื‘ื• ืฉืžื” ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ืžื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ื”. ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”. ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื™, ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ, ืœื ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืœื ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื. ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื—. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืขื ืืชืจ, ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื”ื”ืจื“ืžื”. ื ื™ืงื• ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื’ืœื”, ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืงื•. ื•ืฉืžื” ืฉื›ื‘ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฆืืชื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช. ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื™. ื”ื ื‘ืื• ื—ืœืงื ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžืžื ื™. ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžืคืœื•ืจื ืก ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื”.
ืฉ. ืื– ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ืคื•ื ื”?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืœืืŸ. ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืจืง ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื’ืœืชื™ ืœืžื™ืœื ื• (MILANO). ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื›ื– ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื”. ื•ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช. ืืจื™ื” ืื‘ื™ืฉืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืœื” ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ืืช. ื•ื’ื ืงืฆืช ืœื™ืจื˜ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื™. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ืฉืจ ืœืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืžื” ืœืžื™ืœื ื•. ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื™, ื•ื–ื” ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื• (SALVINO). ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ื–ื” ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•, ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•. ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืกืœื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงืจ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ. ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื•ืฉืžื” ืคืชื—ืชื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื›ืคืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ืฉื?
ืช. ืฉืžื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ, ืœื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“. ืฉืžื” ืœืžื“ื•, ืฉืžื” ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ, ื˜ื‘ื—ื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืืชื” ืขืฉื™ืช?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ืกืคืงืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ื•ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ื. ื—ื•ื ื ืžื•ืš, 37.5, 37.4, 37.3. ื–ื” ืฉื™ื’ืข ืื•ืชื™ ื•ืฉื™ื’ืข ืืช ื›ื•ืœื. ื”ืฉื›ื™ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจื•ืคืื” ืžืงื•ื‘ื ื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื™. ื”ื™ื ืงืœืงืœื” ืื•ืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ ื“ืื’ื” ื•ืžืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ ืœื–ื•ื–. ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื’ืขื” ืืช ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื•ื. ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื–ืจื™ืงื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื. ื•ื”ื—ื•ื ืœื ืขืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™. ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื›ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืชื™. ืฉื ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื ืฉืืจืช ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•?
ืช. ืขื•ื“ ื™ืชื™ืจื” ืžื–ืืช, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ืื ื™ ื ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืœืื™ื–ื• ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื‘ื’ื ื•ืื”, ืฉืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ื ื” ืœื”ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื•ืง, ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืกืคืงื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ื ื” ืœื”ื. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื ื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื›ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื™, ืฉืžื” ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ืงืจื ื’' ื“', ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื™. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื•ืคื—ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื ื•ืื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื™ ื–ื–ื” ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘'. ื”ื ื”ืชืื›ืกื ื• ืœื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื’ื ื•ืื”. ื•ืื– ื›ืฉื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช, ืื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื. ืจืฆืชื™ ืžื”ืจ ืœืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•, ืจืฆืชื™ ืžืžืฉ, ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื˜ืจืžืคื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ. ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืงื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื”, ืื ื™ ื ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ื›ืžื• ื—ื™ื™ืœ, ืจืง ืขื ืžื›ืชื‘, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ. ื•ืื– ื”ืกืคืงืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืงืจื ื‘ื•ื‘ืœืกืงื•, ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื’ื ื•ืื”. ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืชื™ ืืœื™ื”ื. ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•.
ืฉ. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•. ืžื™ ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœืš?
ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื” ืฉื ื™ ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื. ื”ื™ื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืื—ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ื–ืขื™ืจื™ ื•ืืจื™ื” ื“ื•ื ื˜. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื’ื“ื”. ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื™ื• ืฉืืจื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืฆื•, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ื”ื ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืงื ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืขื‘ืจื™ืช.
ืฉ. ืืชื” ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืชืžืงื“ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช.
ืฉ. ืชืืจ ืื•ืชื”.
ืช. ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ืžืฉื” ื–ืขื™ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™. ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ื’ื ืœืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื•ื™ื“ืข ื’ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื’. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืจื™ืŸ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืกืžื›ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืจืš ื˜ืงืกื™ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™. ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื–ืžื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื ืงืจืื• ืœื–ื” ืฉื™ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช, ืงืจื™ืืช ืคืจืง ื‘ืชื "ืš, ื•ืืจื•ื—ื” ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื™ืจื”, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช, ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืžืขืฉื” ื’ื ืื ืจืง ืžืื” ืฉืจื•, ืื– ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืœื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื•ืœื. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืคืจื ืกื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจืื™, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช. ื’ื ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื•ื’ื ืื•ืœื ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืจื™ื›ืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื’ื ืžืชืงื ื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜. ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืื•ืžืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืœื•ืžื™. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืกืš ืขืœื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื”ืชืื, ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื—ื•ืคืฉ, ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื”. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื”. ืžื” ื–ื” ืคื”, ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข? ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ืฆืจ, ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืŸ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื›ื–ื”, ืฉืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืขืจืฆื”, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ืื ื˜ื’ื•ื ื™ื–ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจืขื‘ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืชืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžื ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขืช ืžื™ื, ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืื–. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื’ื ืœื ืงื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื”. ื•ื”ืžืจื“ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื™ ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ืฉืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืฉื‘ื™ืชื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื›ื— ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื›ื— ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืจื•ืช. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ืœื“ื” ืื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื ื•ืช. ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื”. ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” - ืœื ื”ื™ื”.
ืฉ. ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืืžื?
ืช. ืœื.
ืฉ. ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืš?
ืช. ืœื, ืœื. ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื’ื ืื ื™, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืืชื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•, ื—ืœืงื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ืืฆืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืžื‘ืชื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืื• ืžืคื•ืœื™ืŸ. ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืชื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™, ืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืžื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืืฆืœื™ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื›ื” ืื• ืื—ืจืช. ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•. ืื ื™ ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืืžืจื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ืžืชืžืฆื ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™. ืžื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™. ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™, ื—ื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืžื ื™, ืฉื’ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆืืœื™ื, ืื’ื‘, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ืื—ื“ ืขืฉืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืžืžื ื• ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ื–ืžื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ. ืื ื™ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืš?
ืช. ืืช ื”ื ืขื•ืจื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“. ืืช ื”ื ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื•ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื. ื‘ืืชื™ ื‘ืกืชื™ื•, ื•ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ ื–ื–ืชื™ ืœื’ื ื•ืื”. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื ืื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื ืขื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื ื”ื™ื• ื ืขื•ืจื™ื. ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ืขืจ. ืฉืžื” ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืขืจ. ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœ. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื” ืขืœื™. ืงืฉื” ืœืชืช ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™.
ืฉ. ืคืขืœืช ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืขืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœ ืืžื?
ืช. ืœื, ืœื, ืœื. ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืœื™ื˜ื. ืžื—ืงืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”. ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืš ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ื“. ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ืœื ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืืจืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™.
ืฉ. ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•, ื‘ื›ื™ืช?
ืช. ืœื, ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืก. ืื– ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืขื ืง, ื‘ืื•ืœื ืขื ืง. ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื, ื•ื’ื ืื•ืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื™, ืœื”ืคืš, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง.
ืฉ. ื‘ื›ื™ืช ื›ืฉืคืชืื•ื ืชืคืกืช ืฉืืชื” ื™ืชื•ื?
ืช. ืœื, ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื ื”ืขื™ืงื” ืขืœื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื. ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ืขืฆืžื™. ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื™. ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื™. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืงื”. ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ื‘ื•ื“ื“. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™, ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœื™, ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ืื ื™ ืืชื ื•ื”ื ืืชื™. ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“.
ืฉ. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืกืœื‘ื™ื ื•, ืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืœืžื“ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ, ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ, ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ, ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืื“ืžื”. ืฉื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“, ืฉื–ื” ื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื ื• ื•ืขืชื™ื“ื ื•. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื ื•, ืžืฉื”. ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืฉื™ืœืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”. ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฆื•ื”ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ื”ื’ืฉืžื”, ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ื”ื’ืฉืžื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช. ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืก, ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคื•ืงื•ืก ื”ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
ืฉ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ื•, ืจืื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืื•ื˜ืจืงื™ืช ื’ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ื’ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ืจ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ืœื”ืคืš. ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ื ืื•ืช ื•ืจืื•ื™ ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื–ื” ื›ืŸ, ืœืœื ืกืคืง.
ืฉ. ืื– ืžืชื™ ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืืจืฆื”?
ืช. ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืคืจ, ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืจื•ืš. ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘' ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืฆื• ืœืงื—ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘ืžื” ื–ื” ื›ืจื•ืš. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื. ืื– ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื“ืจื•ื ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื‘ืืจื™ (BARI). ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืงืจื ืžื˜ืืคื•ื ื˜ื•. ืฉืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืžืงืžื ื• ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื‘ื™ืช ืื—ื“ ื‘ื•ื“ื“, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืงืžื ื• ืื•ื”ืœื™ื. ืฉื ื‘ืื• ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ื ื•ืฉืืœื• ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคื” ืื•ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืกืชื™ื•, ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ. ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 1946 ืœ- 1947. ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื ืฉืคื” ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ืœื ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™ื™ื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™ื™ื. ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฉื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉื”ืื•ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื“ื•ืœืคื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื– - ืื– ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื ื—ื™ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืื•ื ื™ื™ื”.
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืžืจืคืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื—ื“ืจ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื™ื–ื• ื›ื™ืชื” ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืฉืœื ื• ื ื™ืกื” ื›ื›ื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืฉื˜ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื‘ืืจื™ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื•ื—ื™ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืื•ื ื™ื™ื”. ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืกื•ืฃ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1946, ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืืจื–ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืืจ ืœืš ืื™ื–ื” ื‘ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื”. ืœื ืจืง ื”ืื™-ืขืœื™ื™ื”, ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ื–ื”. ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื.
ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืื•ื ื™ื™ื”. ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ืœื ืฆื—ื•ืง. ื”ื™ื ืื– ื ืงืจืื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืื” 'ืืœื•ืื”', ืื– ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžื” ืฉืžื”. ื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฉื 'ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจืœื•ื–ืจื•ื‘'. ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื‘ื“ื™ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื• ื›ืฉืฉ ืžืื•ืช, ืฉื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื•ืช, ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช, ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฉื‘ื“ื™ื”, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื“ืจืš, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช. ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขื•ืœื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืงื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžืจื“. ื”ื–ืขื™ืงื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื” ืืช ืขื“ื” ืกื™ืจื ื™. ืขื“ื” ืกื™ืจื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืงืฉืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืœื™"ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœืขืœื™ื™ื”. ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืžื” ืฉืกื™ืคืจื• ืœื ื•. ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื”ื: ื”ืคืขื ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืื›ื–ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ืžืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืคื” ืฉืชืฉื›ื ื• ืื•ืชื, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืื• ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื.
ืื—ืจื™ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื•. ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจ. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ืื•ื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืฉื™ื›ื ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืœืง. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืงื•ื. ื—ืœืง ืžืืชื ื• ืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ื•ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืืžืจื• ืฉืœื ื ืจืื” ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืื– ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•, ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ื”ืชืžืงืžื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื•ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.
ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื›ื™ ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ ืคื™ื˜ืจืœ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื—ื™ืคืฉ ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื’ืขื ื• ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื’ื ื—ืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื™ื, ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืจื•ืš, ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืœื ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืื‘ืœ ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืขืคื™ืœื™ื. ื”ื ืกื’ืจื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ืžื™, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื“ืจื™ื ืœืœื ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื, ื•ืฉื ืกืชืœืง. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฉื”ื™ื ื•. ื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื”. ื•ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื•ื ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืš ืฉื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ืžื” ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืฉืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช-ื’ืœื™ื. ื•ื‘ื‘ืช-ื’ืœื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืกืื’ื”. ื›ื™ ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื”. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื ืกืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ. ืคื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืžื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืงืคืฆื• ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืช-ื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืœืš. ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืžื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ. ืคืชื—ื ื• ืกื“ืจืช ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื ื• ืžื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. ื•ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ, ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœืžืขื˜ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืžื—ื ื” ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื ืฉืืจืช ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ?
ืช. ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจื ื• ืžืื‘ื™ื‘ 1947, ืžืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืื• ืžืจืฅ 1947 ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืื•"ื ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืื•"ื ืœื—ืœื•ืงื” ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขื ืกืจื˜ื™ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1947. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืขืงื™ืคื”.
ืฉ. ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ?
ืช. ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ืœื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ. ืจืง ืœืžื“ื ื•. ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื”'ื”ื’ื ื”' ืืจื’ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืงื•ืจืก ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืœื•ืช ืฉืงืจืื ื• ืœื–ื” ืงืคื"ืค, ื–ื—ื™ืœื”, ื”ืกื•ื•ืื”, ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ ืกื“ืจ. ืฉืžื” ื’ื ืงื™ื™ืžื ื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืื“ ืžืกื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืื“ ืขื ืคื•ืช. ืฉืžื” ืงื™ื™ืžื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉื ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื™ืคืจื ื• ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืฉืžื›ืจื ื•, ื ืชื ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืงืฆื‘ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืงืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ืจื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ืชืžื•ืจืช ืžืฆืจื›ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื™ืคืจื ื• ืืช ืžืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื ื™ื”ืœื ื• ืชื•ืจื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ื—. ื›ืžื• ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ, ื”ื’ืฉื”, ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ, ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ. ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžืชื— ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืชื ื•ืขืชื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืงืจืื ื• 'ื’ื•ืจื“ื•ื ื™ื”'. ืื– ื‘ื™ืช"ืจ ืžื•ืœ 'ื’ื•ืจื“ื•ื ื™ื”'. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื™ื 'ืฉืชื™ ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืจื“ืŸ' ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ืชื—ื–ืงื ื• ื™ื“ื™ื ื•' ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžื— ืงืฆืช. ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื•ืขืจ. ื’ืจื ื• ื‘ื‘ืจืืงื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืžืคื— ื’ืœื™. ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื ื•ืจื, ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื™ื” ืงืจ ื ื•ืจื. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื”.
ืฉ. ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื ืืจืฆื”, ืœืืŸ ืคื ื™ืชื ืื• ืœืืŸ ื”ื™ืคื ื• ืืชื›ื?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฆื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ. ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืชื—ืœืงื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืฉื ื”. ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื›ืคืจ-ืจื•ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืžืง ื‘ื™ืช-ืฉืืŸ. ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืืช ื™ืคืขืช, ื‘ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื ื”ืœืœ. ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืกื•, ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ. ื”ื™ื• ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจืคื• ืื•ืชื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืจืช. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืงืฆืช ื‘'ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช' ื•ืงืฆืช ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื”, ื“ื™ ืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื. ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื ื”ืœืœ. ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ื ืื–: ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื•ืจืžืช-ื“ื•ื“. ื”ื™ื•ื ืจืง ืจืžืช-ื“ื•ื“ ื ืฉืืจื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื—ืฆืจ. ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื” ืœืคื•ืจืฉื™ ื’ื‘ืช. ื›ืฉื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ ื”ืชืคืœื’, ืื– ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื•ืคื•ืจืฉื™ ื’ื‘ืช ื”ืชืžื–ื’ื• ื•ื™ืฆืจื• ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืคืขืช.
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•ืŸ. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช, ืื• ืฉื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืชื‘ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื”. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื•ืชื—, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืง ื•ืชื™ืง. ืฉื ืจืื™ื ื• ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื•. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื›ืฉื‘ืื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืฉื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ืฉืœืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ?
ืช. ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื, ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื›ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืกื™ืคื•ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ืจืื™ื ื•, ืฉืžืขื ื• ื’ื ืจื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื›ื”, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื–ื” ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืœื‘ ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉืชืœื‘. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื’ื ืœื ื”ื›ืจื ื• ืขืœ ืžื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื ื•. ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืชื—ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจ ืœืืฉื”, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœื ืฉืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช. ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
ืฉ. ืืชื ื›ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื”, ืกื™ืคืจืชื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื›ื?
ืช. ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืกื™ืคืจื ื•. ื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ืื›ื–ื‘ื”. ืื›ื–ื‘ื” ื›ื–ืืช: ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืืœื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื›ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ, ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ื”ื™ื”. ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื“ื™ ืœืขื’ื• ืœื ื•. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•, ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืœืขื’ื•. ืื– ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืœืžื™ ืœืกืคืจ.
ืฉ. ืื– ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืชื?
ืช. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืกื™ืคืจื ื•. ืœื ืกื™ืคืจื ื•. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•, ืœืžื“ื ื• ื•ืขื‘ื“ื ื•. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื•ื‘ืฅ ืœืขื ืฃ. ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื‘ืฆืชื™ ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ืฆื• ื‘ืคืœื—ื”, ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืจืคืช. ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืจื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ืฃ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœื™. ืฉืžื” ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข. ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื•ื™ืกื ื• ืœื ื—"ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื, ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช 1948. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืฉื ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” 1947 ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื ืขื“ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช 1948. ืื– ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœื• ืื™ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™. ืฉืžื” ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืช. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืื•ืชื” ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืคื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื–ื” ืื‘ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืื‘ื. ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืื™ื–ื” ืขื ืฃ ืฉืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืœื”. ืฉืžื” ื‘ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื™. ื•ืื™ืš ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื™? ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืื“ื, ืฉืื ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื–ื”ืจ ืงืฆืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื• ืื‘ื. ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื‘ื ืฉืชื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช. ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช. ื”ื”ื™ืœื•ืš, ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื”, ืชื•ื•ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื - ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื. ืฉืžื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืœืœ ืคื™ื™ืŸ. ื’ื ืื ื™ ื ื–ืจืงืชื™ ืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™, ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืฉื•ื—ื—. ื•ืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืืชื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืื ื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ ืžืื™ืคื” ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™, ืžืื™ื–ื• ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื›ืจืชื™. ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืžืื™ืคื” ืื‘ื ืฉืœื•. ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืกื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื‘ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ืื—ืช ื—ืกืจื” ืœื ื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืฆื•ื•ืช. ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืžื”, ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ื“ื•ืžื”, ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“.ื .ื. ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ืืชื• ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช. ื•ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื™, ื’ื ื‘ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืช. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืฆืืœื™ื ืื– ื ื•ืชืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
ืฉ. ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš?
ืช. ืื ื™ ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืก. ืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื™, ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ื ื—"ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ 1931. ื’ื™ื™ืกื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืขืชื•ื“ื” ืœืฆื‘ื. ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืชืžืฉืš, ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืื ืœื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืชื’ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช. ื•ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืžื—ื ื” ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืกื“ืจืช ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื, ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื”, ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื™"ืจ. ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื™"ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื• ืฉื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืœืฆื“ื ื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืขื•ื’'ื” ื›ืžืขื˜, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ืฆืข 'ื—ื™ืจื'. ื•ืื– ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ื ื•. ืžื” ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช? ืื– ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช.
ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืžืชื ื•ืขืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืงื• ืœื ื• ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืžื™ ื–ื”. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ืคืจ-ืจื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืื™ื–ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื” ื•ื’ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆืช. ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช, ืฉื ืฆื ืขื ืžืฉืœื—ืช ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืื•ืชื. ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœืš, ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืฉืœื—ืช ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืฆืืœื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื, ืœื”ืชืจืฉื, ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื—ืœื•ืฆื™, ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฆื™ื•ื ื™, ืžืกืคื™ืง ืงืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•. ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืงื™ื™ื, ืœื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ. ืžื” ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ? ื–ื” ื™ืจื•ืง, ื–ื” ืฉืžื—, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื‘ืฉ, ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉืžืžื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื”. ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื ื•. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ืœื ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”, ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืขืคื•ืœื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืžืง ื—ืจื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื’ื‘ืข ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืชืœ-ืขื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื™ืจื•ืง, ื–ืจื•ืข, ื‘ื ื•ื™. ืžื” ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคื”? ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ืœื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื. ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืืช ืฆืืœื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืฆืืœื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืื™ื. ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”, ืกื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื•, ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ื•ืจืžืช-ื”ื ื’ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื˜ื•ืฉื” ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืื•ืจื™ื. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื—ืฆืจื™ื ืื• ืœื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื—ืฆืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื• ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื•ื• ื’ื•ืฉ. ื—ืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืฆืช ื‘ืฆื“, ืœื ื›ืœืœื ื• ืื•ืชื”. ื—ืฆืจื™ื ื’ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืœืขืœื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืฆืืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœืคื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ื—ืฉืžืœ. ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืงื™ื™ื, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื ื• ืœืฆืืœื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืง, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื”ืงืžื ื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืง. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื—ืœืคื ื• ืื•ืชื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฆืจื™ืคื™ื. ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืคื™ื. ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืชื™ ืคืจื•ืช, ืื™ื–ื” ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื™ืฉืŸ ืžืฉื•ืžืฉ. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™. ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื•.
ืฉ. ืžืชื™ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชืš?
ืช. ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื™, ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉืืžื ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื“ืขื” ืœื™ ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ. ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ืืœื” ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื• ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื”"ืž. ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืจืง ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืื ื™ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืฉืžืŸ.
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืžื”ืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”. ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžื ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื™ืคื” ื”ืŸ, ืจืง ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื ื”ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืœื™ื˜ื ืื• ืฉื”ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืงื•ืจื™ื. ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืœืฆืœื‘ ื”ืื“ื•ื, ื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™, ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื ืžืฆื ืคื” ื•ืคื”. ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืืžื. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ, ืขื•ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงืคืจื™ืกื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืืžื. ืžื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืœื™ื˜ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื•ื™ืœื ื”. ื”ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื•, ืืœื” ืฉื—ื–ืจื•, ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื•ื™ืœื ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื ื”, ืื– ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื” ืจื™ื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื™ ืžืื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื›ืžื” ืืœืคื™ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจืื ืก ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ืจืื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืื– ืœื ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืœื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช. ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื”ืืžืช. ืขื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ, ื–ื” ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื”. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”ืŸ, ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืž- 1944 ืขื“ 1947, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืจื’ืœืชื™, ืื™ืš ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืœืžืฆื‘. ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื“ื™ ืžืฆื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ ืœื™ ืœืงื•ื ื•ืœืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ื•ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ื•ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื ืจืื”. ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืžืขื˜ื™ื.
ืฉ. ืžืชื™ ืืชื” ื ืคื’ืฉ ืืชืŸ?
ืช. ืื ื™ ื ืคื’ืฉ ืืชืŸ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืขืœื• ืœืืจืฅ. ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช. ื”ืŸ ืขืœื• ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1965. ื–ืืช ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ื›ื™ ืืžื ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื—ืœืชื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื™. ื”ื™ื ืขืœืชื”, ื ืคื’ืฉื” ืืชื™ ื•ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื™, ืขื“ ืžื•ืชื”. ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืชื” ื’ื ืืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืžืื“. ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ. ื–ืืช ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืฉืฉื•ืืฃ, ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืืคื” ืžืื“ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช. ื’ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกืคืจื™ื. ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื™. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื˜ื™ืคืœื ื• ื‘ื”. ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืฉืœ ืžืœื‘"ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ. ื‘ื™ืงืจื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืื ื™ ื•ืื—ื•ืชื™, ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื›ืžื• ืฉืขื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืืชื” ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ?
ืช. ื–ืืช ืฉืืœื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช. ืื ื™ ืžื”ืชื—ืœื” ืžื™ืœืืชื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื™ืžืฉืชื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื’ื•ื™ืกื™ื ื›ืฉื‘ืื ื• ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ. ืžื—ืœืงื” ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืืœื™ื, ืžื—ืœืงื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ืฆืจื™ื, ืžื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื ื™ืฆื ื™ื. ื•ืื ื™ ื›ืฉืœื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช, ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืืกืคืงืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ืœื”ื—ืœืคืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”. ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื˜ื ื“ืจ ืฉืขืžื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืชื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ื ื”ื’ืชื™ ืื–. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืง ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืฆืจื™ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื ื™ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืจืคื ื“. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœื™. ื‘ื–ื” ืขืกืงืชื™ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ 1951. ืื– ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื ื• ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืžืฆื”"ืœ. ื•ืื– ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืžืฉืง. ืื ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืขื ืฃ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช. ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžื” ื™ืฆืžื—. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื™ืฆืžื—. ื”ื ื’ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืขืœื ืื—ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืื– ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื ื˜ืขื ื• ื“ื•ื ื ืื• ื“ื•ื ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื–ื™ืชื™ื, ื“ื•ื ื ืื• ื“ื•ื ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื›ืจื, ื“ื•ื ื ืื• ื“ื•ื ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื–ื™ืคื™ื. ืชืคื•ื—ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉืœื ื™ื’ื“ืœ. ืขืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืœื ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื ื•. ืื ื™ ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื“ื•ื ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื–ื”, ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ื•ื ื, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”. ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆื—ืงื• ืžืžื ื™, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืžื˜ืคื— ื›ืœ ืขืฅ ื•ืžืœื˜ืฃ ื›ืœ ืขืฅ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื—, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื”. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ืกื“ืจืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื•ืื– ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืฉืง ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื•ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉืžื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืฆื”ืจ ื•ืื—ื“ ืกืžื•ื™, ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ ื›ื’ื–ื‘ืจ. ื•ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™, ื‘- 1952 ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื–ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืง.
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื™ ื”ื™ืชื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื. ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ืื– ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ื—ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืืงืกื˜ืจื ื™ืช. ื•ืื– ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืง ื•ื”ืžืฉืง ืœืขื™ืจ ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื’ื–ื‘ืจ ื•ื’ื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื‘'ืžืฉืœื‘'. ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืคืชื—ืชื™ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ 'ืžืฉืœื‘' ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื‘ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื”. ื•ื’ื 'ืžืฉืœื‘' ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื”.
ื›ืฉื’ืžืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ื‘ืจ ื•ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืžืฉืง, ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ื’ื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืชื•ืจื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ. ืืžืจืชื™: ืžื” ื”ืœืื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”. ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื– ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ื™ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืงื, ื’ื ืฉืืจื™ืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื”, ื’ื ืขื•ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”. ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ื›ืกืฃ, ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืจืง ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ, ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืœืœื ืชืฉืœื•ื. ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืื ืœื ืืงื‘ืœ ืื– ืื ื™ ืืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช. ื•ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ. ืื™ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœื ืื‘ืงืฉ ื›ืกืฃ. ืื‘ืœ ืื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืฆืจื›ื™ื, ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืœืขืฆืžื™. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื ืื™. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืžื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ. ื•ืื– ื’ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉืฉื ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœืชื” ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ืจื•ืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ืจื•ืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ืจื•ืช. ืืžื ื ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืื– ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืจ. ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื’ืžืจืชื™ ืชื•ืืจ ืืž.ืื™. ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืจืขื™ื.
ื›ื“ืจื›ื™, ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืžืฉืง, ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืื‘ืœ ืงืจื• ืžืื– ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื™. ื›ื™ ื—ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจ ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ืชื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช, ื’ื ืขื ื”ืžืจื•ืงืื™ื, ื’ื ืขื ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื•, ื•ื’ื ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ, ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื›ื–ืืช, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื•ื— ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื”ืชื›ืชืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื›ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘. ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื™ืจืฆื• ืื•ืชื™ ืื• ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ื”. ื”ื ืžื™ืจืจื• ืœื™ ืืช ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ื™ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื ื—ืกื“. ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืœื ื™ื—ืก, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ืื™ื–ื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื’ื ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื“ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”. ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืชื“ืจ ืขื ื›ื•ืœื.
ืขื“ ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉื‘ืจ ืœื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืื ื™ ืขื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื•ืื ื™ ืขื ืฉื, ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื™, ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื‘ืืžืช ืจืฆื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ืจืฆื• ืื•ืชื™ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœืžืขื ื™ ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ื”ื™ื• ืื– ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ืื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ืื—ืจ. ื•ื“ื—ื• ืœืžืขื ื™ ืžื›ืจื–, ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืื’ื™ืข ืœืžื›ืจื–. ื•ื’ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœืชื™, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœืžื›ืจื–. ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™: ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืžืื“. ื•ืื ื™ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš, ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ, ืœืœื ืกืคืง. ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื›ื• ืื•ืชื™, ื’ื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื, ื•ื’ื ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆืืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืจื•ื—ื™. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ื–ืžืชื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื–ื‘. ื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื ืžืฉื›ื” ืื•ืชื™, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ื’ื ืขื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื—ื™ืงื”, ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื“ ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื•ื ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืชื• ื‘ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช. ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื•: ื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉืฉืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืง ืื•ืชืš? ืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ืฆืืœื™ื, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ. ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื–ืงืชื™ ืžืขืžื“. ื”ืชืงื‘ืœืชื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ื”ืชืžื–ืœ ืžื–ืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืืช ืขื™ื ื• ืขืœื™ ืžื˜ืขื ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืฉืจ, ื•ื”ืฉืจ ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™ ืืœื™ื•. ื•ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื”ืฉืจ ืกืคื™ืจ ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืฉืœื• ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”. ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ื•ืžืชื•ื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืžื ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืชืžื ื” ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœืืฉื›ื•ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ืชื’ืœื™ืชื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื’ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื•ืจื•ืžื™ื ื›ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื’ื ืฉืจ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ืกืžืš ืขืœื™ ื•ืฉืœื— ืื•ืชื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื•ืจื•ืžื™ื. ื•ืื– ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื™ ื’ื ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื’ื ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื•ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ืจ. ื•ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชืคืชื—. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื”. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืฆื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืื–. ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ื ืง ืœืžืœืื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื— ืžืื“ ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื”. ืกืคื™ืจ ื˜ื™ืคื— ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื— ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืง. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ืœืžื˜ืจืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืขื™ืจื” ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื• ืœื• ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื™ื–ื” ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื•ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“. ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉืื ื™ ืืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“, ื•ื”ืชืžื ื™ืชื™ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื‘ื ืง ืœืžืœืื›ื”. ื•ืื– ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื—ื–ืงืชื™ ืžืขืžื“ ืืžื ื ืื—ืช ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ืฉืžืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื–ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื ืง. ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืชืคืชื— ื™ื•ืคื™.
ืฉ. ื”ืงืžืช ืžืฉืคื—ื”?
ืช. ื›ืŸ. ืื ื™ ื”ืชื—ืชื ืชื™, ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ืœืขืชื™ื“. ื”ื™ื ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืจื ื• ืืฆืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื. ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื›ืฉืขื•ื“ ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืœืฉืจ. ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื”. ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ืฉ. ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืš?
ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื“ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื‘ืช, ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช. ื”ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ืœืžืœืื›ื”. ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืฉื•ืื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ืœื ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉื”. ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™. ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื ื•, ื’ื ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื•. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื” ื ื›ื“ื™ื. ื”ืฉื ื”, ืžืื– ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื›ื›ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชืœื•ื ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช ืงื˜ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฅ ืขื ืขื ืคื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืฆื•ืคื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืฉ. ืžืจ ืคื™ื™ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืœืš ืžืื“ ืขืœ ืขื“ื•ืชืš.
ืช. ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœืš. ืื ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืœืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืžืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ.
ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช:
* ื–ื” ืื‘ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื•, ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื›ื”. ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ืงืจื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื“. ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืงืจื—ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืื“, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืื‘ื.
* ื–ื• ืืžื ื—ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกื•ืœื ืกืงื™. ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืฉื” ื™ืคื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”. ืœืฆืขืจื™, ื’ื•ืจืœื” ืœื ืฉืคืจ ืขืœื™ื”.
* ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืœื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืฆืืœื™ื. ื’ื ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืžืฉืง ืฆืืœื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ืœื™ื. ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืžืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื•ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ืœื“ืื‘ื•ื ื™, ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ื–ื” ืฉื›ื•ืจืข ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ืคืš ืœื‘ืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœืช. ื›ื›ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.
* ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆืืœื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืฆืืœื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืคื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืชื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆืืœื™ื ื›ืฉื‘ืื ื•.
* ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืคื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขื ื”ืืฆื‘ืข. ืœื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”, ืชืžื™, ืœื™ื“ื” ืืžื ืฉืœ ืืฉืชื™ (ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ืœื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื), ืœื™ื“ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืืฉืชื™, ื•ืœื™ื“ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืœืืจืฅ ืขื ืืžื™ ื–"ืœ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1965.
ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืชืŸ, ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™. ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื” ืืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื”ื ื‘ืŸ. ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืคื”, ื’ื ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืคื” ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื ื›ื“ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ ื ื›ื“ื™ื. ื ื›ื“ ืืฆืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื ื›ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืืฆืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ, ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”. ื–ื” ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืฉืžืจืช.
* ืคื” ืื ื™ ื•ืืฉืชื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื™ืžื™ื ื™ืžื™ื”. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื“ื” ืคื•ืจื—.
Testimony of Avraham Fein, born in Kaunas, 1931, regarding his experiences as a child in the Kaunas Ghetto, Palemonas and Landsberg forced labor camps and a death march Childhood and education in the Jewish elementary school in Kaunas. Outbreak of the war, 1939; life under Soviet rule; activities in the Pioneer movement; German occupation, 1941; murder of his father; move of the family to the ghetto; living conditions; selection, 1941; looting; his mother's and sister's forced labor at the airfield; preserves an observant way of life in the ghetto; deportation with his mother and sister to the Palemonas forced labor camp after selection, 1943; labor in a brick factory; evacuation of the camp to Germany, 1944; separation from his mother in Stutthof; transfer to Dachau and forced labor at Landsberg camp; evacuation on foot to an unknown destination with the approach of the front,1945; liberation by the US Army in the area of Bad Toelz. Meeting Jewish Brigade soldiers; transfer to an orphange in Treviso-Modena and afterwards to an orphanage in Salvino; orphanage life; studies and help from Arie Avishar, a youth counselor; aliya to Eretz Israel from Bari on the ship, "Chaim Arlozorov", 1946; detention in Cyprus by the British; release and aliya with Youth Aliyah; joins Kibbutz Tzeelim after his army service.
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details.fullDetails.itemId
4013482
details.fullDetails.firstName
Abraham
Avraham
details.fullDetails.lastName
Fein
details.fullDetails.dob
07/03/1931
details.fullDetails.pob
Kaunas, Lithuania
details.fullDetails.materialType
Testimony
details.fullDetails.fileNumber
11624
details.fullDetails.language
Hebrew
details.fullDetails.recordGroup
O.3 - Testimonies Department of the Yad Vashem Archives
details.fullDetails.earliestDate
18/05/2000
details.fullDetails.latestDate
18/05/2000
details.fullDetails.submitter
FEIN ABRAHAM
details.fullDetails.original
YES
details.fullDetails.numOfPages
55
details.fullDetails.interviewLocation
ISRAEL
details.fullDetails.belongsTo
O.3 - Testimonies gathered by Yad Vashem
details.fullDetails.testimonyForm
Video
details.fullDetails.dedication
Moshal Repository, Yad Vashem Archival Collection