Testimony of Tzipora Fany (Alperowitz) Erel, born in Vilna, 1928, regarding her experiences in the Vilna Ghetto, hiding, Kaiserwald, Strassenhof, Stutthof and a death march

Testimony of Tzipora Fany (Alperowitz) Erel, born in Vilna, 1928, regarding her experiences in the Vilna Ghetto, hiding, Kaiserwald, Strassenhof, Stutthof and a death march Her family and life before the war; hostile attitude of Poles towards Jews. Entry of the Russians and the change in their lives; entry of the Germans and the immediate ramifications; decrees against Jews; organization of cultural activities by the Jewish community; school activities and the children's clubhouse in the ghetto; "Aktions"; her family hides and is discovered; deportation of her family to Kaiserwald and then to Strassenhof to forced labor in the Jugla spinning factory; subsistence conditions; attitude of the Latvian administrators; attempts by inmates to escape from the camp and subsequent killing as punishment; transfer to Stutthof and labor in nearby farms, late 1943; the approach of the front and labor digging trenches; death march; liberation near Danzig, 13 May 1945; typhus. Joining the Nochum (United Pioneer Youth) kibbutz in Lodz; aliya to Israel via France, Italy and Germany, 15 May 1948.