Testimony of Aviva Kalmar, born in Sarajevo, 1934, regarding her experiences in Sarajevo, Mostar and Italy

Testimony of Aviva Kalmar, born in Sarajevo, 1934, regarding her experiences in Sarajevo, Mostar and Italy Round up of Jewish men in Sarajevo after the German occupation, and deportation to concentration camps; regime of forced labor for the Jews of the city; her father receives forged documents as a Muslim and transfer to Mostar in the Italian occupied area; travel to Mostar; life as refugees in Mostar; retreat of the Italians and with them the Jewish refugees; transfer to a camp in Italy; public activities of the youth movements in the camp; school; choirs; clubs and other activities; fair treatment by the Italians; liberation. Life in Rab; contact with the partisans; transfer to Senj; the partisans hide Jews during the sixth German attack on Toposko and the villages; life under the protection of a Yugoslavian woman partisan; changes places of residence, among them villages populated by Croatian antisemites; wanderings in Croatia and Serbia; life near Karlovac; liberation by the partisans, early 1945. Life in Zador and Split, the center of She'erit Hapletah; return to Sarajevo; renewal of Jewish community activities and Jewish public institutions; aliya to Israel, 1948.