Memoirs of Mikhail Mostovoy and Aleksandra Mostovaya regarding their experiences in the Nemirov Ghetto and in hiding in Nemirov, Karolina and Dzhurin

Memoirs of Mikhail Mostovoy and Aleksandra Mostovaya regarding their experiences in the Nemirov Ghetto and hiding in Nemirov, Karolina and Dzhurin The book of memoirs "We Went Through Hell" was published in Vinnitsa in 2004 and presents the memoirs of Mikhail Mostovoy regarding the experiences of his family in the Nemirov Ghetto, and his escape from the killing pit in 1941-1944. Life before the war in Nemirov; outbreak of the German-Soviet war, in June 1941; death of his older brother Naum on the front (serving as a military doctor in a field hospital and killed by a direct air-raid hit during an operation); conscription of boys born in 1926-1927 into the Red Army; transfer of the boys to the Nemirov-Gaysin-Monastyrishche-Uman route on 9 July 1941; meeting in the forest with a Wehrmacht marine on 19 July 1941; escape back to Nemirov; German occupation on 22 July 1941; establishment of the gendarmerie and recruitment of Ukrainian collaborators; persecution and cruel treatment of the Jews; establishment of the ghetto on 19 September 1941; wearing a yellow badge; In September 1941, mass murder of Jews who were unfit for work; transfer to forced labor in Sokolets; escape back to the Nemirov Ghetto on 23 November 1941; mass murder of Jews on 24 November 1941; escape from the killing pit, return to the Nemirov Ghetto and reunion with his parents who found a hiding place in the cellar of the house during the Aktion; mass murder of Jews from the Transnistria area in May 1942; transfer to forced labor in the ghetto; transfer of a group of men, including his father Naum Mostovoy, to forced labor in Bratslav, and their murder on 26 June 1942; second Aktion in the ghetto on 26 June 1942; escape from mass murder and return to the ghetto; liquidation of the ghetto and establishment of a camp in its place; escape from the camp with his mother and sister Basya on 23 February 1943, and life in hiding with Mariya Lavrenyuk; transfer to Kudlai; transfer to Nikiforovtsy; transfer across the Yuzniy Bug river; arrest by Romanian gendarmes and transfer to a prison in Tyvrov; deportation to the Krasnoye Ghetto; life in the Krasnoye Ghetto; arrest and transfer to Trikhaty; escape from the camp by train; arriving in Odessa in December 1943; escape back to the Krasnoye Ghetto on foot; liberation by the Red Army on 19 March 1944; return of his mother and sister Basya to Nemirov; drafted into the army on 17 April 1944; Memoirs of Aleksandra Mostovaya (maiden name: Rozengaft) regarding her experiences and the experiences of her family in the Nemirov Ghetto, in hiding in Nemirov, Karolina and Dzhurin Life in Nemirov before the war; conscription of her husband into the Red Army with the outbreak of war; German occupation on 22 July 1941; establishment of the ghetto and wearing a yellow badge; transfer to forced labor; mass murder on 23 November 1941 (the murdered Jews included her grandmothers Khona Guralnik and Feyga Dashevskaya); escape from the ghetto before the Aktion and finding a hiding place with the Tunik family (the escape of her parents to the forest); escaping back to the ghetto and reunion with her parents; escape to Karolina and finding hiding with a Ukrainian family (a friend of her father) in January 1942; visit of the family to the Nemirov Ghetto and the beginning of the Aktion on 26 July 1942; transfer to forced labor in road construction; murder of Jews associated with the underground; rumors that the parents have found a hiding place in the Transnistria region; escape with family members from the Nemirov camp in January 1943; escape to Perepelichiye; crossing the Yuzhnyy Bug river with the help of Yefrem Kozlov; escape to the Dzhurin Ghetto and reunion with her parents who arrived from Mogilev Podolskiy in April 1943; life in the ghetto until liberation by the Red Army on 15 March 1945; return to Nemirov; conscription of her father into the Red Army in autumn 1944; graduation from school; marriage in 1948; Aleksandra Mostovaya's family members: - her parents: Gersh Rozengaft, born in 1903, and Mariya Rozengaft (maiden name: Guralnik) born in 1902; - her brothers and sisters: Sheli, born in 1929, Yasha, born in 1934, and Abram, born in 1938; Local residents who helped in hiding them during the war and were recognized as Righteous of the Nations: - Mariya Lavrenyuk, Asson Radionov, Avdotiya Radionova, Fekla Radionova, and Vera Tunik. Comments from the submitter of the material: (Nataliya Zalevskaya) Mikhail Mostovoy's parents: his father Naum Mostovoy, born in 1901, was murdered by the Germans in Bratslav on 26 June 1942. His mother Sofiya Shinder, born in 1900, lived with Naum in the Nemirov Ghetto. Her husband Naum was transferred to Bratslav and murdered. She found a hiding place during the Aktion in the Nemirov Ghetto with her son Mikhail. Naum and Sofia had two children: Naum, born in 1919 and Mikhail, born in 1926. The elder brother Naum was conscripted during the first days of the war, and served as a military doctor. He was killed while in a field hospital.