Yehudit Nadir

Testimony of Yehudit (Kremer) Nadir, born in Budapest, Hungary in 1935, regarding her experiences as a child in Budapest, in Bergen-Belsen camp, her transfer to Switzerland by the Red Cross organization, and in the homes of Swiss families Life before the war; she is from a traditional family, in Budapest; life with her family; visits in the Neolog synagogue with her grandmother; transfer of her father to the labor battalions; her grandfather makes aliya to Eretz Israel by himself; her mother works as a cosmetician; her family earns its livelihood from a cosmetics institute that was established beneath their apartment in a residential building; activities with the Hashomer Hatzair movement; life in Hungary; deterioration of the situation of the Jews; German occupation, 03/1944; German aircraft mark the air-raid areas with red squares; ban on Jews against entrance into public air-raid shelters; her family finds a hiding place in buildings outside the areas that are marked from the air; concentration of the Jews in a public park before their deportation; permission is given to take a small hand bag; they pack food in the hand bags; her family hides some money inside the head of a doll that they took with them; deportation on a train; air-raids on the train; arrival to Bergen-Belsen camp; separation from her mother with her grandmother; transfer to a barracks designated for women with children; ban on leaving the barracks; holding of roll-calls; Bergen-Belsen camp life, for six months; hunger; stealing of clothing in the barracks; distribution of food on tin plates; sent on a death march; her grandmother is injured; evacuation of her grandmother to a hospital in an ambulance; placement of the witness onto a train and transfer to Basel with help by the Red Cross organization; transfer to Chur; arrival to the Free Zone; transfer to a refugee camp; separation of the children, and their transfer to Swiss families; the children are forced to go to school; transfer to a Swiss Catholic family in Zurich; studies in school; life with the family for several months; transfer to another family in Zurich; good adjustment in the family's home; arrival of the her mother; aliya to Eretz Israel via Italy, 1946; absorption.