On August 7, 1942, three weeks after the onset of the mass deportations of Dutch Jews to Auschwitz in the summer of 1942, the Nazi authorities in the Netherlands also began to deport apostates—Jews by birth who, although having converted to Christianity, were considered fully-fledged Jews under the Nuremberg laws (Voljuden, persons who had three Jewish grandparents). To the best of our knowledge, these converts comprised a small group on the transport, which consisted of 987 deportees altogether—but copious documentary material about their deportation exists. Before they were deported, the various churches that these Jews had joined engaged in power struggles with the Nazi authorities. In response to the deportation of Jews from the Netherlands, the country’s ten church organizations took concerted action: they sent a cable to Captain Friedrich Christiansen, commander of the German garrison in the country (the Wehrmachtbefehlshaber) protesting against the deportations and ruled that their churches would hold a special mass on Sunday, July 26. On July 17, 1942, pursuant to the churches’ protests and solely as a tactical step on the Nazis’ part, Otto Bene announced in a meeting with the Reich Commissioner (Reichskommissar) in the Netherlands, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, that it had been decided to postpone the deportation of the apostate Jews until “the first politically suitable opportunity.” Fritz Schmidt, General Commissioner for Special Affairs in the Netherlands (Generalkommissar zur besonderen Verwendung) put pressure on the churches to rescind their protests. Most of the Protestant churches forewent the reading of the cable from the pulpit; the Catholic churches and some of the Protestant ones, however, decided to go ahead with the reading and to criticize the Nazis’ actions in their sermons....