Transport from Lipiny Dolne, Bilgoraj, Lublin, Poland to Krzeszow, Bilgoraj, Lublin, Poland on 12/09/1942

The village of Lipiny Dolne is situated some 40 kilometers southwest of the town of Biłgoraj in southeastern Poland. During World War II it belonged to the municipality (gmina) of Potok Górny in Biłgoraj County (Landkreis) within the Lublin District (Distrikt) of the General Government (Generalgouvernement). The Potok Górny municipal census from October 25, 1939, showed that the villages of the municipality had a total population of 243 Jews, thirty-three of whom lived in Lipiny Dolne, out of a total population of 1,528.^[1]

The Urman family was counted in the October 1939 census even though they were from Krzeszów, a townlet 11 kilometers to the west – having found temporary shelter in Lipiny Dolne from the German forces’ onslaught. Subsequently they returned to Krzeszów and were among the deportees to the Belzec death camp and to the Chojniak murder site in early November 1942.^[2] Only two Jewish families appear in the 1941 monthly land tax lists of the Potok Górny municipality as Lipiny Dolne taxpayers: Kacenberg and Wajcenberg.^[3] They may have been the only Jewish families  there in mid-September 1942, when all the Jews from the  Potok Górny municipality, including Lipiny Dolne, were deported, the majority  to  Krzeszów,  and a few eastward to the town of Tarnogród.

A survivor from the village of Potok Górny, Shlomo-Yitzhak Sprung, recounts how on Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish New Year), i.e. September 12-13, 1942, the German authorities ordered the deportation of the Jews in the municipality of Potok Górny, including the villages of "Potok Górny, Kulno, Lipiny and Szyszków," to Krzeszów.^[4]...