Transport from Kolo, Ghetto, Poland to Luckland, Camp, Poland on 01/10/1941

On the evening of October 1, 1941, after Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) had ended, a transport of ninety-seven young women left Koło for the labor camp of Luckland (Łukowo). Some of these women had been brought to Koło from Izbica Kujawska, but the means by which they were transferred are unknown. The main sources of information about this transport are the testimonies of two Holocaust survivors who were on this transport: Adela Harap, née Brand, and Tola Kopyto, née Moskal, who were both born in 1925 in Koło. It is possible that concurrent transports of young women from Koło went to Bärenbusch (Niedźwiedziny/Berenbusch) and to Wronki, and also from places in the nearby county of Turek, such as Kowale Pańskie (Heidemühle). However the existing testimonies of survivors of these camps are not clear enough to draw a clear picture of exactly how and when this transport took place. Bärenbusch is located approximately 20 kilometers east of Luckland, while Wronki is situated about 35 kilometers west of Luckland; railways lines from Poznań connect all these camps. Preparations for the deportation began during Yom Kippur itself when the Germans assembled women in the synagogue. If someone whose name appeared on the list was missing, they arrested her mother as a hostage. The mothers of women who had not shown up or who had not been found during a search for them were tortured in order to find out where their daughters were hiding; they did not yield and some of them even died as a result of the torture....